上海郊区某社区老年抑郁现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current situation and Influencing Factors of Geriatric Depression in a suburban community of Shanghai

目的 了解上海市郊区老年人抑郁症状流行情况并分析相关影响因素。方法 纳入了592名社区老年居民为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、老年抑郁量表(Geriatric Depression Scale,GDS)评估。根据GDS评分将研究对象划分抑郁和未发生抑郁组,采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析对患者抑郁发生的影响因素进行分析。结果 在筛查区域内,有19.76%的社区老年人存在抑郁症状。两组间比较,在性别、有无配偶、教育年限、子女探望频率、收入情况、饮酒史、兴趣爱好、户外运动、近期负性生活事件这几个变量存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。女性(OR=1.784,95%CI=1.132~2.813)、低子女亲友探望频率(OR=1.259,95%CI=1.080~1.467)、负性生活事件(OR=5.930,95%CI=1.522~23.107)是老年居民发生抑郁情绪的风险因素,而高教育程度(OR=0.915,95%CI=0.852~0.985)、高收入(OR=0.672,95%CI=0.483~0.936)、兴趣爱好(OR=0.4,95%CI=0.228~0.7)及户外运动(OR=0.633,95%CI=0.454~0.881)是老年居民发生抑郁情绪的保护因素。结论 上海郊区社区老年抑郁的检出率较高,性别、社会交往、负性生活事件、教育、收入、兴趣爱好及运动均是影响抑郁发生的因素。老年保健部门应对重点人群展开心理预防及干预工作以提高老年人生活质量。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of geriatric depression in a suburban community of Shanghai.Methods A total of 592 elderly residents were included in the study and assessed with the general information questionnaire and Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).The subjects were divided into depression group and nondepression group according to the GDS score.Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of depression.The influencing factors of depression were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis.Results 19.76% of elderly have symptoms of depression in this region.There were statistical differences in gender,spouse,education,frequency of family and friend visits,income,drinking history,hobbies,outdoor activities and recent negative life events(P<0.05).Women(OR=1.784,95%CI=1.132~2.813),low frequency of family and friend visits(OR=1.259,95%CI=1.080~1.467),and negative life events(OR=5.930,95%CI=1.522~23.107)are risk factors for depression in elderly residents,while high education(OR=0.915,95%CI=0.852~0.985),high income(OR=0.672,95%CI=0.483~0.936),hobbies(OR=0.4,95%CI=0.228~0.7),and outdoor activities(OR=0.633,95%CI=0.454~0.881)are protective factors for depression in elderly residents.Conclusion The detection rate of depression was higher in the outskirts of Shanghai.Gender,social interactions,negative life events,education,income,hobbies,and exercise are all factors that affect the occurrence of depression.The geriatric health department should carry out psychological prevention and intervention for key groups to improve the quality of life of the elderly.