化肥减量配施不同有机肥对辣椒品质和产量的影响

Effects of Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Different Organic Fertilizers on the Quality and Yield of Chilli Peppers

研究化肥减量配施生物有机肥、醇优佳等不同类型有机肥对辣椒产量和品质的影响,为化肥减量措施对辣椒产量和品质提供理论依据。以辣椒品种陇椒11号为试验材料,设置常规施肥(N 439.50 kg/hm^(2)、P2O5298.50 kg/hm^(2)、K2O 454.50 kg/hm^(2))以及化肥减量增施不同用量有机肥及生物有机肥等7个处理,测定辣椒品质和产量相关指标,并通过主成分分析对不同施肥处理辣椒品质和产量的表现进行综合评价。结果表明,不同施肥处理中,常规化肥减量30%+生物有机肥+米醋可溶性糖、维生素C含量最高,分别较常规施肥处理增加15.81%、46.86%,产量提高1.19%。化肥减量30%+醇优佳+米醋处理中可溶性蛋白和辣椒素含量最高,较常规施肥增加23.43%和6.67%。化肥减量30%+生物有机肥+阿司匹林+红糖处理产量最高,但其可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白均低于常规施肥。主成分分析表明,化肥减量30%+醇优佳+米醋处理综合得分最高。因此,使用化肥减量30%+醇优佳150 kg/hm^(2)+米醋4.3 L/hm^(2)兑水3225 kg可有效提高辣椒的产量和品质。

By comparing the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction and the application of bio-organic fertilizer and'Chunyoujia'on the yield and quality of chilli peppers,it provides a theoretical basis for exploring the measures of chemical fertilizer reduction and improving the yield and quality of peppers.In this study,the pepper variety Longjiao 11 was used as the experimental material.Different treatments,including conventional fertilization(N 439.50 kg/ha,P2O5298.50 kg/ha,K2O 454.50 kg/ha),reduced fertilizer application in combination with various organic fertilizers and other seven treatments were applied.The quality and yield indexes of peppers were determined for each treatment,and the performance of pepper quality and yield of different fertilization treatments was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis(PCA).Results showed that the treatment of 30%reduction in coventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer+rice vinegar had the highest content of soluble sugar and vitamin C,which increased by 15.81%and 46.86%,respectively,as well as a yield increase of 1.19%as compared to the treatment of conventional fertilizer.Compared to the treatment of conventional fertilizer,the treatment of 30%reduction in coventional fertilization+'Chunyoujia'+rice vinegar had the highest content of soluble protein and capsaicin,which increased by 23.43%and 6.67%,respectively compared with the conventional fertilization.There was the highest yield in the treatment of 30%reduction in coventional fertilization+bio-organic fertilizer+aspirin+brown sugar,but contents of soluble sugars and soluble proteinswere lower than that of the treatment of conventional fertilizer.PCA indicated that the treatment of 30%reduction in coventional fertilization+'Chunyoujia'+rice vinegar showed the greatest composite score.Therefore,the application of 30%reduction in coventional fertilization+'Chunyoujia'at 150 kg/ha+rice vinegar at 4.3 L/ha diluted with 3225 kg water can significantly improve the yield and quality of peppers.