红外多波段成像末制导技术研究现状与展望

Research status and prospects of infrared multi-band imaging terminal guidance technology

随着红外干扰对抗、人工智能、无人协同等技术的不断发展,红外成像制导武器越来越多地面临强背景干扰、强人工干扰、强战术动作干扰等强对抗作战环境,传统的单一波段红外成像探测技术已无法满足复杂战场环境下的目标识别与抗干扰任务,由此红外多波段成像末制导技术受到了广泛关注,按功能阶段划分其主要包括红外多波段图像融合、目标检测和多波段抗干扰技术等。目前,对红外多波段成像末制导技术的研究主要集中在红外多波段图像融合方面,但相关综述较少。从末制导技术现状、多波段信息运用技术现状和未来技术发展方向等角度对红外多波段成像末制导技术进行了综述。首先,对红外多波段成像制导技术的发展现状做出了总结,分析了多波段红外场景特性与波段选段,介绍了国内外现役多波段成像制导武器,并总结了目前红外多波段制导武器面临的主要问题;其次,重点对国内外研究集中的图像融合技术进行了分类和分析;然后,从多波段信息运用角度,介绍了基于红外多波段图像的目标检测、目标识别、抗干扰技术发展现状;最后,对红外多波段成像末制导技术的未来发展趋势进行了展望,分析了群体智能协同化、多模态智能运用与信息融合和探感导一体化智能对抗的重要性。

With the continuous development of technologies such as infrared interference countermeasures,artificial intelligence,and unmanned collaboration,infrared imaging guided weapons are increasingly faced with strong combat environments such as strong background interference,strong artificial interference,and strong tactical action interference.The traditional single-band infrared imaging detection technology can no longer meet target identification and anti-jamming tasks in complex battlefield environments.Therefore,infrared multi-band imaging terminal guidance technology has received widespread attention.According to functional stages,the technology mainly includes infrared multi-band image fusion,target detection,multi-band anti-interference technology,etc.At present,research on the infrared multi-band imaging terminal guidance technology mainly focuses on infrared multi-band image fusion,but there are few relevant reviews.This article aims to review the infrared multi-band imaging terminal guidance technology from the perspectives of the current status of terminal guidance technology and multi-band information application technology and future technology development directions.Firstly,this paper summarizes the development status of infrared multi-band imaging guidance technology,analyzes the multi-band infrared scene characteristics and band selection,introduces the multi-band imaging guidance weapons currently in service at home and abroad,and summarizes the current challenges faced by infrared multi-band guidance weapons.Secondly,the image fusion technologies concentrated in domestic and foreign research are classified and analyzed.Then,from the perspective of multi-band information application,the development status of target detection,target recognition,and anti-interference technology based on infrared multi-band images is introduced.Finally,the future development trend of infrared multi-band imaging terminal guidance technology is discussed,and the importance of group intelligence collaboration,multi-modal intelligence application and information fusion,and detection-sensing-guidance integrated intelligent confrontation are analyzed.