云南玉溪市生态系统固碳核算实证分析

Empirical Analysis Based on the Ecosystem Service of Carbon Sequestrationin Yuxi City, Yunnan Province

采用统一、便捷、准确的方法,在地方、县级开展生态系统固碳能力的测度,更好地服务政府决策是地方政府急需破解的难题,但目前缺少系统性研究。本文针对该选题开展研究,利用遥感技术和基于CASA模型的净生态系统生产力法和固碳速率法,计算云南省玉溪市各县区森林、草地、农田和湿地生态系统固碳量,结果显示该地区森林固碳量占比达95.4%,是固碳的主力军。本文通过比较分析认为:采用净生态系统生产力测算森林生态系统固碳能力是科学的,采用固碳速率法研究草地、农田和湿地生态系统固碳量是便捷的;森林对玉溪市固碳能力具有极大的贡献;峨山、新平、元江三县剩余的固碳量可吸收其他地区碳排放;单位GDP二氧化碳净排放量更适合用来衡量地区经济发展对环境的影响。研究结论特别是云南省完善生态统计监测调查制度,探索“碳中和”评价指标,为全国各地提供了一定的借鉴思路。

How to adopt a unified,convenient and accurate method to measure the carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems in various cities,so as to better serve the government's decision-making,is an urgent problem for local governments to solve,but systematic research is currently lacking.In this paper,remote sensing technology was used to calculate carbon sequestration of forest,grassland,farmland and wetland ecosystems in Yuxi County,Yunnan Province by using net ecosystem productivity method and carbon sequestration rate method based on CASA model.The results showed that forest carbon sequestration accounted for 95.4%of the total carbon sequestration,which is the main force of carbon sequestration.It is scientific to calculate the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystem by using net ecosystem productivity,and convenient to study the carbon sequestration rate method of grassland,farmland and wetland ecosystems.Forest has great contribution to carbon sequestration capacity of Yuxi City.The remaining carbon sequestration capacity of the three counties in western China can absorb carbon emissions from other regions.Net carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are used to measure the environmental impact of regional economic development.The conclusion of the study provides a certain reference for Yunnan Province to improve the ecological statistical monitoring and investigation system and explore the"carbon neutral"evaluation index system.