日本氢能产业发展现状分析

The Current Development Status Analysis of Hydrogen Energy Industry in Japan

日本是全球氢能产业发展的先行者,燃料电池、液氢储运等技术领先,产业政策体系构建完善,应用推广市场已具规模。但由于日本属于资源、能源进口型国家,受本土氢源供给不足、需海外进口氢能等限制,其氢气终端价格同样居高,经济性尚未实现与燃油、电力竞争的态势,终端应用大规模推广受限。本文通过梳理文献资料,概括日本氢能的产业政策、核心技术、着力供应配套、找准推广领域等四大现状和特征,总结其主要经验做法,并结合我国氢能产业发展现状,提出加强政策支持、协同政企发力、构建供应体系、加大宣传推广等建议。

Japan is a pioneer in the development of the global hydrogen energy industry,with leading technologies such as fuel cells and liquid hydrogen storage and transportation.The industrial policy system is well established,and the application and promotion market has already taken shape.However,due to Japan's status as a resource and energy importing country,limited by insufficient domestic hydrogen supply and the need to import hydrogen energy from overseas,the terminal price of hydrogen in Japan is also high,and its economy has not yet achieved competition with fuel and electricity.The terminal application cost is also high and difficult to reduce.This article summarizes the current characteristics of Japan's hydrogen energy industry,including the improvement of its policy system,leading core technology,emphasis on supply and support,and identification of promotion areas.It summarizes the main experiences and practices of the industry's orderly development plan,clear division of labor,strong capital participation,obvious demonstration effect,and effective publicity and education.Combined with the development of China's hydrogen energy industry,suggestions and inspirations are proposed to strengthen policy support,coordinate government and enterprise efforts,build a supply system,and increase publicity and promotion.