模糊决策与延后内省:农村青少年弃学行为的质性研究

Fuzzy Decision-Making and Delayed Introspection:A Qualitative Study on the Dropout Behavior of Rural Adolescents

在中国式现代化进程中,促进全体人民共同富裕的关键在农村,然而农村青少年失学后外出务工导致的农村人才空心化和“教育贫困”问题延宕。从心理学和教育社会学角度,引入前景理论和后悔理论,以现象学研究方法对农村青少年弃学行为的决策机制及务工后内省机制深入考察,发现决策及内省的四个阶段:一是基于不确定环境下的前景判断的模糊决策,二是基于理想与现实的验证性碰撞的损益评定,三是基于结果比较的后悔厌恶产生的延后内省,四是教育观积极建构与跨代实现的内醒后成长。据此,有必要开展精准防控强化对乡村“教育贫困”的精准治理,发挥职业教育可及性优势努力实现“人人皆可成才”,通过“外源内生”夯实乡村振兴的人力根基。

In the process of the Chinese path to modernization,efforts must be made to promote the common prosperity of all people.The key lies in the countryside,and the hope lies in the revitalization of the countryside.But the problem of hollowing out of rural talents and the problem of"educational poverty"caused by rural youth who have dropped out of school and then gone out to work are more prominent.From the perspectives of psychology and educational sociology,the prospect theory and regret theory are introduced,and phenomenological research methods are used to investigate the decision-making mechanism of rural youth's dropout and the introspection mechanism after going out to work.It is found that there are four stages of decision-making and introspection:first,fuzzy decision-making based on the prospect judgment in the uncertain environment;second,profit and loss assessment based on confirmatory collision between ideals and reality;third,delayed introspection caused by regret aversion based on result comparison;and fourth,manifested as active construction of educational views and inter-generational realization of introspective growth.It is suggested to carry out precise prevention and control,strengthen the precise governance of rural"educational poverty",leverage the advantages of vocational education accessibility,and strive to achieve"everyone can succeed".Through"exogenous and endogenous growth",the human resources foundation of rural revitalization can be consolidated.