建构实践共同体:基层社会救助创新机制研究

Building Communities of Practice:A Study of Innovative Mechanisms for Social Assistance at the Primary Level

社会救助不仅是为困难群体提供兜底保障和发展支持的民生制度,也是促进社会发展和提升社会治理质量的重要环节。通过对成都市W区“有温度的社会救助体系”创新实践进行嵌入式案例分析发现,Y社区与M村在城乡环境制约中走出了“外部知识学习”和“内部经验深化”的创新路径。基于实验主义治理和实践共同体的理论视角,基层社会救助创新具有组织正式化、学习实践深化和技术规范化等3条线索。这3条线索相互交织,使多元行动主体的情感联结得到强化,形成基层社会救助创新的协调机制、学习机制和再生产机制,不断推动基层社会救助创新。通过基层社会救助的创新实践,多元行动主体正在突破社会治理的“二元模式”,这些经验值得推广借鉴。

Social assistance is not only a livelihood system that provides basic protection and development support for those in difficulty,but also an important link in promoting social development and improving the quality of social governance.Through an embedded case analysis of the innovative practice of"warm social assistance system"in District W,Chengdu,the innovative path of"external knowledge learning"and"internal experience deepening"is found in Community Y and Village M separately in the context of urban-rural constraints.Based on the theoretical perspectives of experimentalism governance and community of practice,the innovation of primary-level social assistance has three threads:formalization of organization,deepening of learning and practice,and standardization of technology.These three threads are intertwined with each other,which strengthen the emotional connection of multiple actors,form the coordination mechanism,learning mechanism and reproduction mechanism of primary-level social assistance,and continuously promote primary-level social assistance innovation.Through the innovative practice of primary-level social assistance,the multiple actors are breaking through the"dualistic model"of social governance,and these experiences are worthy of popularization and reference.