南京地区前列腺癌患者一级亲属筛查行为现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the current status and its influencing factors of screening behavior of first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients in Nanjing area

目的了解南京地区前列腺癌患者一级亲属筛查行为现状及影响因素,为改善该类人群的筛查行为提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年10月至2023年6月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院就诊的已确诊的前列腺癌患者的291例一级亲属作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、前列腺癌筛查意向评估问卷、前列腺癌筛查健康信念模型量表进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析筛查行为的影响因素。结果291例前列腺癌患者一级亲属中,33.33%(97/291)进行了前列腺癌筛查。不同筛查行为的前列腺癌患者一级亲属的筛查意向(感知行为控制、认知态度)与健康信念(易感性认识、健康动机、筛查益处认识)得分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。文化程度、家庭平均月收入、前列腺非癌性病史、筛查意向(感知行为控制、认知态度)与健康信念(易感性认识、健康动机、筛查益处认识)是一级亲属筛查行为的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论前列腺癌患者一级亲属在前列腺癌筛查中的参与率较低,应大力推广及开展教育活动和精确干预,以提高前列腺癌患者一级亲属对前列腺癌的认识。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of the screening behavior of first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients in Nanjing area,and to provide reference for improving the screening behavior of this population.Methods A total of 291 first-degree relatives of diagnosed prostate cancer patients of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from October 2022 to June 2023 were selected as study subjects by using convenience sampling method.General information questionnaire,prostate cancer screening intention assessment questionnaire and prostate cancer screening health belief model scale were used to conduct the survey,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of screening behavior.Results Among 291 first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients,33.33%(97/291)underwent prostate cancer screening.The scores of screening intention(perceived behavioral control,cognitive attitude)and health beliefs(susceptibility awareness,health motivation,awareness of screening benefits)among first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients with different screening behaviors were compared and showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Education level,monthly family income level,history of non-cancerous prostate disease,screening intention(perceived behavioral control,cognitive attitude)and health beliefs(susceptibility awareness,health motivation,awareness of screening benefits)were independent influencing factors on the screening behavior of first-degree relatives(P<0.05).Conclusions The participation rate of first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients in prostate cancer screening is low,and educational activities and precise interventions should be promoted and implemented to increase awareness of prostate cancer among first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients.