基于离散选择实验的泸州市居民HIV检测偏好研究

The study of human immunodeficiency virus testing preferences of residents in Luzhou City based on a discrete choice experiment

目的了解泸州市居民主动参加人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测情况及检测偏好,分析检测偏好的主要驱动因素,为制定促进该人群主动进行HIV检测的策略提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取泸州市7个城区和7个乡镇的2279名居民为研究对象进行问卷调查。应用离散选择实验、联合分析的方法编制HIV检测偏好的测量内容、分析泸州市居民HIV检测偏好及其属性的特征,并通过χ^(2)检验与混合logit模型分析HIV检测偏好的驱动因素。结果泸州市居民中主动进行HIV检测的比例为26.20%,检测地点(医疗卫生机构)、额外服务(免费提供)与检测费用(收费)是居民主要的检测偏好,检测地点(β=-0.313,95%CI:-0.587~-0.039,P<0.05)、检测样本(β=-0.422,95%CI:-0.657~-0.187,P<0.05)、检测费用(β=-0.353,95%CI:-0.570~-0.137,P<0.05)、检测时间(β=-0.203,95%CI:-0.404~-0.003,P<0.05)是检测偏好的驱动因素。结论泸州市居民主动进行HIV检测的比例较低,应针对不同人群的检测偏好制定个性化的检测策略,以提高HIV检测的覆盖率和效果。

Objective To understand the testing condition and preferences of residents in Luzhou City for participating human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing,and analyze the main driving factors of testing preferences,providing reference basis for formulating strategies to promote the active participation of this population in HIV testing.Methods A total of 2,279 residents from 7 urban areas and 7 townships in Luzhou City were selected as the research objects for a questionnaire survey by a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method.Discrete selection experiments and joint analysis methods were applied to develop measurement content for HIV testing preferences.HIV testing preferences of the residents in Luzhou city and their characteristics were analyzed.χ^(2)-test and mixed logit model analysis were used to analyze the driving factors of HIV testing preferences.Results The proportion of the residents in Luzhou City who actively participate in HIV testing was 26.20%.Testing location(medical and health institutions),additional services(free provision),and testing cost(fee charging)were the main testing preferences of the residents.Testing location(β=-0.313,95%CI:-0.587--0.039,P<0.05),testing sample(β=-0.422,95%CI:-0.657--0.187,P<0.05),testing cost(β=-0.353,95%CI:-0.570--0.137,P<0.05),and testing time(β=-0.203,95%CI:-0.404--0.003,P<0.05)were the driving factors of testing preferences.Conclusions The proportion of residents in Luzhou City actively undergoing HIV testing is relatively low,and personalized testing strategies should be developed based on the testing preferences of different populations to improve the coverage and effectiveness of HIV testing.