天津市和平区2019-2023年HIV确证试验检测结果分析

Analysis on results of HlV confirmatory test in Heping Distric of Tianjin from 2019 to 2023

目的 分析天津市和平区2019-2023年艾滋病病毒(HIV)确证试验检测结果及趋势,为辖区艾滋病防控工作提供科学依据.方法 选取天津市和平区2019-2023年艾滋病初筛实验室送检到区疾控中心的HIV初筛阳性样品为研究对象,所有送检样品根据《全国艾滋病检测技术规范》进行免疫印迹法确证试验.根据确证结果将送检样品分为确证阳性样品、确证阴性样品及不确定样品,并进行比较分析.结果 2019-2023年和平区疾控中心共接收来自辖区内初筛实验室送检的样品207例.经过抗体确证试验检测,确定阳性样品共有125例(60.4%);确证阴性样品共有50例(24.2%);不确定样品共有32例(15.5%).确证阳性样品中男女比例24∶1,20-40岁年龄组确证阳性率最高(62.3%).2019年确证阳性率83.3%,2020年确证阳性率77.5%,2021年确证阳性率58.3%,2022年确证阳性率46.9%,2023年确证阳性率47.8%,阳性率处于平稳下降趋势,不同年份间确证结果具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=28.312,P<0.001).不确定样品中带型组合有5种:p24,18例(56.3%);gp160,8例(25.0%);gp160+p24,4例(12.5%);gp120,1例(3.1%);gp41+p24,1例(3.1%),其中以p24条带出现频率最高,其次为gp160.结论 天津市和平区HIV感染以青壮年为主,尤其需重点关注20-40岁男性群体,对这一群体加强宣传教育并扩大检测范围,早发现、早干预,降低HIV感染率及传播性.

Objective To analyze the results and trends of AIDS virus(HIV)confirmatory tests in Heping District of Tianjin from 2019 to 2023,so as to provide a scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control.Methods The HIV positive samples from the AIDS primary screening laboratory in Heping District,Tianjin from 2019 to 2023,sent to the District CDC,were selected as the subjects of study.All the samples sent for testing were subjected to the aggressive confirmatory immunoblot test according to the National Technical Specifications for AIDS Testing.According to the confirmation results,the samples to be tested will be divided into positive confirmed cases,negative confirmed cases,and uncertain cases,and comparative analysis will be conducted.Results From 2019 to 2023,the Heping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention received a total of 207 samples from the initial screening laboratory within its jurisdiction for testing.After confirmatory testing,a total of 125 positive samples(60.4%)were identified;there were 50 confirmed negative samples(24.2%);there are a total of 32 uncertain samples(15.5%).The male to female ratio in confirmed positive samples is 24:1,with the highest confirmed positive rate(62.3%)in the 20-40 age group.The confirmed positive rate in 2019 was 83.3%;the confirmed positive rate in 2020 was 77.5%;the confirmed positive rate in 2021 was 58.3%;the confirmed positive rate in 2022 was 46.9%;the confirmed positive rate in 2023 was 47.8%;from 2019 to 2023,the positive rate showed a steady downward trend,and the confirmed results showed statistical significance(χ^(2)=28.312,P<0.001)among different years.There were 5 types of band combinations in the uncertain samples:p24,18 cases(56.3%);gp160,8 cases(25.0%);gp160+p24,4 cases(12.5%);gp120,1 case(3.1%);gp41+p24,1 case(3.1%),with p24 band having the highest frequency,fllowed by gpl60.Conc lus ion HIV infection in Heping District,Tianjin City is mainly among young adults,and special attention should be paid to the male population aged 20-40.Strengthen publicity and education for this group,expand the scope of testing,detect and intervene early,and reduce the HIV infection rate and transmission.