孕期多元化健康教育对高龄孕妇健康行为和母婴结局的影响作用研究

A Study on the Impact of Diversified Health Education During Pregnancy on the Health Behavior and Maternal and Infant Outcomes of Elderly Pregnant Women

目的观察孕期多元化健康教育对规范高龄孕妇健康行为和优化母婴结局的应用效果。方法以随机数字表法对2023年1月至2024年1月顺昌县中医院护理部接收高龄孕妇200例展开分组,每组100例,对照组采取常规健康教育方法进行干预,观察组采取常规健康教育方法结合孕期多元化健康教育方法进行干预,对比两组健康行为评分、产后盆底肌功能评分及母婴结局发生率。结果观察组及时产前检查96.00%、自我体质量管理93.00%及孕期运动行为89.00%和对照组69.00%、66.00%、62.00%相比较高(P<0.05)。两组干预前盆底肌评分对比差别较小(P>0.05);观察组干预后盆底肌评分和对照组相比较高(P<0.05)。观察组剖宫产7.00%、难产1.00%、新生儿体质量异常1.00%和对照组22.00%、8.00%、8.00%相比较低,自然分娩93.00%和对照组76.00%相比较高,且产后出血和对照组相比较少(P<0.05)。结论孕期多元化健康教育应用后可端正孕妇健康行为,促进产后盆底肌功能恢复,并能改善母婴结局。

Objective To observe the application effect of diversified health education during pregnancy on regulating the health behavior of elderly pregnant women and optimizing maternal and infant outcomes.Methods A total of 200 elderly pregnant women admitted to the Department of Nursing,Shunchang County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were randomly divided into two groups,with 100 cases per group.The control group received conventional health education intervention,while the observation group received conventional health education combined with diversified health education during pregnancy.The health behavior scores,postpartum pelvic floor muscle function scores,and maternal and infant outcome rates of the two groups were compared.Results The observation group had 96.00% of timely prenatal examinations,93.00%of self-management of body mass,and 89.00% of pregnancy exercise behavior,which were higher than the control group's 69.00%,66.00%,and 62.00%(P<0.05).The difference in pelvic floor muscle scores between the two groups before intervention was relatively small(P>0.05).After intervention,the pelvic floor muscle score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The observation group had a lower cesarean section rate of 7.00%,difficult delivery rate of 1.00%,and abnormal newborn body weight rate of 1.00% compared to the control group of 22.00%,8.00%,and 8.00%,while the natural delivery rate of 93.00% was higher than that of the control group of 76.00%,and postpartum hemorrhage was less compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of diversified health education during pregnancy can correct pregnant women's health behavior,promote postpartum pelvic floor muscle function recovery,and improve maternal and infant outcomes.