不同采收期及保鲜剂对高山杜鹃XXL切枝瓶插效果的影响

Effects of Harvest Periods and Preservatives on Vase Performance of Rhododendron XXL Cut Branches

为探讨不同采收期及保鲜剂对高山杜鹃切枝瓶插效果的影响,以高山杜鹃XXL切枝为试验材料,剪取硬蕾期、松蕾期、露色期和暄蕾期4个阶段的切枝进行瓶插,研究瓶插期间的花和花序大小变化、开花率及瓶插寿命,确定其最佳采收期;并用蔗糖、8-羟基喹啉柠檬酸盐(8-HQC)、柠檬酸(CA)配制不同保鲜剂,研究其对XXL待开切枝的开花、水分平衡及鲜质量变化的影响。结果表明,暄蕾期采收的高山杜鹃XXL切枝花序大且寿命长,瓶插效果最好,而露色期的切枝瓶插效果次之。4.50 g/L蔗糖+150 mg/L 8-HQC+100 mg/L CA处理的切枝不仅开花率高,花序大,还能较好地维持切枝水分平衡,延缓切枝鲜质量的下降,使其瓶插寿命延长至18 d。综上所述,可根据消费地的远近采收露色期(远距离)和暄蕾期(近距离)的高山杜鹃XXL切枝,同时选用4.50 g/L蔗糖+150 mg/L 8-HQC+100 mg/L CA作为保鲜剂,可有效延长其瓶插观赏期。

To explore the effects of different harvest periods and preservatives on the vase performance of cut branches of Rhododendron,in this experiment,the cut branches of Rhododendron XXL were used as the experimental material,and the changes in flower and inflorescence size,the flowering rate,and the vase life of the cut branches were studied at the different harvest period such as the tight-bud stage,the unfold-top stage,the soft-bud stage,and the unfold-petal stage in order to determine the optimal harvest period.And then the effects of different preservatives on the flowering characteristics,the water balance,and the fresh weight change rate of XXL cut branches were studied by using sucrose,8-hydroxyquinoline citrate(8-HQC),and citric acid monohydrate(CA)as the reagents.The results showed that the XXL cut branches harvested at the unfoldpetal stage had the best vase performance with the largest flower and the longest vase life.And the cut branches harvested at the soft-bud stage had the second vase performance.Among the four different preservatives used in this experiment,the cut branches of the treatment of 4.50 g/L of sucrose+150 mg/L of 8-HQC+100 mg/L of CA had high flowering rate and large inflorescence,and the treatment effectively maintained the water balance,and delayed the decrease in fresh weight,and extended the vase life to 18±1 days of the cut branches.In conclusion,the rhododendron cut branches could be carried out according to the distance of consumption,by cutting the branches at the soft-bud stage for the far distance and the branches at the unfold-petal stage for the close distance,at the same time,4.50 g/L of sucrose+150 mg/L of 8-HQC+100 mg/L of CA could be selected as the preservatives to prolong the vase life.