第54届国际物理奥林匹克竞赛实验试题介绍与解答

Problems and solutions of the 54th International Physics Olympiad experimental exam

第54届国际物理奥林匹克竞赛实验题为铜棒中的热传导和相位阶跃衍射,铜棒中的热传导试题涉及到的内容包括热传导、对流和温度传感器的特性等内容;相位阶跃衍射试题涉及到测量透明载玻片的厚度和未知液体的折射率.2个实验题难度和题量适中,对实验仪器调节的难度不高,学生对涉及到的理论知识和实验内容均较为熟悉.本文给出了具体试题和竞赛组织者给出的标准解答.

The experimental exams of the 54th International Physics Olympiad were heat conduction and phase step diffraction in a copper rod.The exam of heat conduction in copper rod involved heat conduction,convection and characteristics of temperature sensor and so on.The exam of phase step diffraction included the measurement of the thickness of a transparent slide and the refractive index of an unknown liquid.The difficulty and amount of the two exams were moderate,and the difficulty of adjusting the experimental instruments was not high.The students were relatively familiar with the theoretical knowledge and experimental content of exam.The problems and standard solutions for the experimental exam of the 54th International Physics Olympiad were presented.The problems and solutions for the experimental exam of the 54th International Physics Olympiad,heat conduction in a copper rod,and diffraction from phase steps,were presented.