斯特林制冷机热真空环境散热设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Heat Dissipation in Thermal Vacuum Environment of Stirling Cryocooler

斯特林制冷机表面温度对红外探测器性能有直接影响,使斯特林制冷机散热设计优化在热真空环境下显得尤为重要。为了优化热真空环境应用的斯特林制冷机散热条件,基于Ansys计算平台进行了斯特林制冷机热真空环境的热仿真分析,设计了斯特林制冷机水冷散热工装,并对其进行了仿真模拟计算和试验研究。结果表明,制冷机内的温度最高位置为驱动板。设计了以铜为材质的沟槽结构的制冷机水冷散热工装,采用该散热工装后可有效降低制冷机表面温度。在外界环境温度不变的条件下,提高散热工装的进液口温度时,制冷机电机外壳温度和散热工装温度升高,散热工装进出液口的温度差逐步缩小。

The surface temperature of Stirling cryocooler has a direct effect on the performance of infrared detector,so the optimization of the cooling design of Stirling cryocooler is particularly important in the thermal vacuum environment.In order to optimize the heat dissipation conditions of Stirling cryocooler applied in thermal vacuum environment,the thermal simulation analysis of the thermal vacuum environment of Stirling cryocooler based on the Ansys calculation platform is carried out,and the water-cooled heat dissipation fixture of Stirling cryocooler is designed.The simulation calculation and experimental research are carried out as well.The results show that the driving plate is the highest temperature position in the cryocooler.A water-cooled heat dissipation fixture with groove structure made of copper is designed,which can effectively reduce the surface temperature of Stirling cryocooler.Under the condition of constant external environmental temperature,the temperatures of Stirling cryocooler motor shell and the water-cooled heat dissipation fixture increase when the inlet temperature increases.Moreover,the temperature differences between inlet and outlet of the water-cooled heat dissipation fixture gradually decrease.