中国特色减贫道路:国际比较与经验总结

Chinese path to poverty alleviation:International comparison and experiences summary

中国特色贫困治理的成功经验是中国式现代化的重要体现,更是未来全面推进乡村振兴、建设农业强国的坚实基础。把中国的扶贫政策纳入中国式现代化分析框架,首先从现代化贫困治理视角进行国际比较,梳理贫困界定、政府帮扶以及国家发展的理念优势,并通过历史纵向和全球横向对比阐释中国脱贫攻坚取得的伟大成就。其次将中国式现代化扶贫体系解构为体制理念-财政能力-组织体系-专项政策的紧密结合,从领导核心、扶贫目标、财政调动、组织结构和政策实施等方面总结举国体制下特色减贫道路的制度优越性。最后指出消除绝对贫困并不是贫困治理的终点,构建长效扶贫体系需要巩固稳定制度化扶贫、有效实施内生化扶贫,以及向相对贫困治理转型过渡。中国特色减贫道路为促进世界可持续发展、推动现代化进程和贫困治理提供中国方案。

China's successful experience in poverty management was a significant embodiment of Chinese modernization.Furthermore,it served as a solid foundation for the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization and the building of China's strong agriculture in the future.By incorporating China's poverty alleviation policies into the analytical framework of Chinese modernization,this study first conducted an international comparison from the perspective of modern poverty governance,and examined China's advantages in poverty definition,government assistance,and national development concepts.It further elucidated the great achievements of China's poverty alleviation efforts through both historical and global comparisons.Secondly,the Chinese modernization poverty alleviation system was deconstructed into a closely integrated structure of institutional philosophy,fiscal capability,organizational system,and targeted policies.It summarized the institutional advantages of China's distinctive poverty alleviation path under a national system by analyzing aspects such as leadership,poverty alleviation goals,fiscal mobilization,organizational structure,and policy implementation.Finally,it emphasized that eliminating absolute poverty was not the end of poverty governance.Establishing a long-term poverty alleviation system required consolidating stable and institutionalized poverty alleviation,effectively implementing endogenous poverty alleviation strategies,and transitioning toward relative poverty governance.The path of poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics provided Chinese solutions for promoting world sustainable development,modernization and poverty governance.