公路新型波形梁护栏结构仿真优化研究

Research on Simulation Optimization of Novel Highway CorrugatedBeam Guardrail Structure

为了解决开发公路新型护栏过程中需要实车足尺碰撞导致的经济代价高昂问题,论文采用有限元计算仿真设计了一种由轻量化不锈钢三波板和低合金高强度结构钢组合而成的公路新型SB级护栏结构。在深入分析材料特性基础上,构建了新型护栏立柱和防阻块及相应的有限元模型。在验证整车模型可靠性基础上,设计了护栏板厚度、立柱厚度和防阻块厚度三因素四水平的正交实验仿真方案。碰撞仿真结果表明:三因素中防阻块厚度对车辆质心加速度的影响程度最大,且随着防阻块厚度的逐步增大,车辆质心加速度增大;护栏板厚度对护栏横向最大动态变形量的影响程度最大,且随着波形梁板的厚度逐步增大,护栏的最大动态变形量变小。最后,综合考虑碰撞指标和经济性,确定了护栏最优组合方案并验证了可行性。研究成果可为公路新型护栏结构优化提供参考。

In order to solve the problem of high economic cost caused by the need for real vehicle foot-size collision in the process of developing new highway guardrail,we adopted finite element computational simulation technology to design a novel highway SB class guardrail structure,which is made of lightweight stainless steel triple-wave plate and low alloy high-strength structural steel combination.On the basis of in-depth analysis of material properties,we constructed new guardrail posts and new anti-blocks,Also,we builded the corresponding finite element models.Regarding the reliability of the whole vehicle model,we designed an orthogonal test simulation scheme with three factors and four levels(i.e.,guardrail plate thickness,column thickness and anti-resistance block thickness).The results of the crash simulation show that the thickness of the anti-block has the greatest influence on the acceleration of the center of mass of the vehicle among the three factors,and the acceleration of the center of mass of the vehicle increases as the thickness of the anti-block gradually increases.Guardrail plate thickness on the guardrail lateral maximum dynamic deformation of the largest degree of influence,and with the waveform beam plate thickness gradually increased,the maximum dynamic deformation of the guardrail becomes smaller.Finally,the optimal combination of guardrails was determined and the feasibility was verified by considering the collision index and economy.The research results may provide reference for the optimization of new guardrail structures for highways.