橡胶树优良新品种云研80-1983选育报告

Breeding Report of a New Excellent Rubber Tree Variety Yunyan 80-1983

抗寒、高产一直是我国云南植胶区的核心育种目标。以高产、速生和抗逆为育种目标,通过人工杂交筛选出优株,经苗圃系比、高级系比及抗性试验的系统鉴定,结果表明,云研80-1983是一个速生、高产、早熟的橡胶树优良品种,可提早0.5~1 a开割,在高级系比区,植后第7年100 cm处茎围达52.7 cm,为RRIM600茎围(43.0 cm)的122.6%;第1~13割年干胶单株和单位面积产量分别为4.3 kg/株、1622.7 kg/hm^(2),分别为RRIM600干胶单株和单位面积产量(3.3 kg/株、1324.8 kg/hm^(2))的130.3%和122.5%。抗寒能力与RRIM600相当,弱于GT1和云研77-4,推荐在云南低海拔轻寒植胶区种植,该品种的育成为云南等植胶区优化品种结构,提高单位面积产量及产值提供了品种支撑。

Cold resistance and high-yielding are always the core breeding objectives of Yunnan rubber tree planting area in China.The superior clone was selected by artificial hybridization,and was systematically identified by nursery trial,advanced clonal trial and resistance test.The results showed that Yunyan 80-1983 was a fast-growing,high-yielding and early-maturing rubber tree clone which could be tapped 0.5-1 years earlier.In advanced clonal trials,the girth reached 52.7 cm in the seventh year,which was 122.6%of the control RRIM600(43.0 cm).The dry rubber yield of 1-13 tapping year was 4.3 kg per tree and 1622.7 kg/hm^(2),which was 130.3% and 122.5% of the control RRIM600(3.3 kg per tree,1324.8 kg/hm2).The cold resistance was basically equivalent to that of RRIM600,lower than that of GT1 and Yunyan 77-4.It is recommended to be planted in the low-altitude and slight cold damage zone in Yunnan.This clone would provide variety support for optimizing the variety structure,increasing the yield and output value in Yunnan and other rubber planting areas.