电动汽车与风电参与能量-调频市场的实时投标策略

Bidding Strategy for Electric Vehicles and Wind Power in Real-Time Energy and Frequency Regulation Markets

针对大规模电动汽车与风电参与实时能量-调频市场中,由于两者出力不确定性导致与日前计划出现偏差的问题,提出了考虑功率-容量偏差考核机制的电动汽车与风电参与能量-调频市场实时投标模型。建立了电动汽车动态调度边界模型与功率快速分配模型,确保电动汽车代理商在实时市场能及时决策。基于市场主体博弈关系引入功率-容量偏差考核惩罚,提出了电动汽车与风电参与实时能量-调频市场投标策略,并以电动汽车或风电个体偏差考核成本最低为上层目标,以系统运行成本最低为下层目标,建立了实时能量-调频市场双层优化模型。通过算例分析了电动汽车动态边界与功率分配结果,偏差考核机制对电动汽车及风电日内优化运行及投标的影响,并验证了所提策略可满足电量实时平衡,同时确保两者收益最优。

To address the issue of deviations from day-ahead plans caused by the uncertainty in output from large-scale electric vehicles(EVs)and wind power in the real-time energy and frequency regulation(FR)market,the paper proposes a real-time bidding model.The model incorporates a power-capacity deviation assessment mechanism to enable EVs and wind power to participate effectively in the energy-FR market.A dynamic scheduling boundary model and a rapid power allocation model for electric vehicles are established to ensure that EV agents can make timely decisions in the real-time market.A power-capacity deviation penalty mechanism is introduced based on the game dynamics among market participants.A bidding strategy is proposed for EVs and wind power in the real-time energy-FR market,and a two-level optimization model is established.The upper-level objective minimizes the deviation assessment costs for individual EVs or wind power units,while the lower-level objective minimizes the overall system operating cost.An example analysis is conducted to examine the dynamic boundaries and power allocation results for EVs,as well as the impact of the deviation assessment mechanism on the intraday optimization and bidding strategies of EVs and wind power.The results show that the proposed strategy achieves real-time power balance while optimizing returns for both.