水肥协作对华北平原豆禾混播牧草生产性能和品质的影响

Effects of Water and Fertilizer Cooperation on Production Performance and Quality of Legume-Grass Mixed Pasture in North China Plain

为探明减水减肥对华北平原豆禾混播牧草生产性能和品质的影响,并筛选适宜该地区的水肥处理。本研究以小黑麦(Triticale)+毛苕子(Vicia villosa)(XM)和燕麦(Avena sativa)+箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)(YJ)混播建植的牧草为试验对象,设置2个灌水(W_(1)和W_(2))和2个施肥(N_(1)和N_(2))梯度,比较水肥协作下混播牧草生产性能和营养品质等指标,并利用模糊综合评价法进行评估。结果表明:两种模式干物质产量均在1500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+94 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(2)N_(1))处理下最高;而750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+188 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(1)N_(2))处理下干物质产量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量较低,但可溶性糖含量较高。通过模糊综合评价表明,两种模式均在750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+_(1)88 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(1)N_(2))处理下综合表现较好,隶属度在0.6以上。综上,在华北平原地区,混播牧草栽培以干物质产量为目的时,适宜水肥处理为1500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+94 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(2)N_(1));以追求综合性能(干物质产量+牧草品质)为目的时,适宜水肥处理为750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+188 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(1)N_(2))。

In order to investigate the effects of water reduction and fertilizer reduction on the performance and quality of mixed sowing grass in North China Plain,and to screen suitable water and fertilizer treatment in this area.In this study,the forage established by mixed sowing of Triticale+Vicia villosa and Avena sativa+Vicia sativa was taken as the test object.Two gradients were set for irrigation and fertilization,respectively.The performance and nutritional quality of forage mixed with water and fertilizer were compared and evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that the dry matter yield of both modes was the highest under_(1)500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+94 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(2)N_(1))treatment,and the dry matter yield and the content of medium acid detergent fiber were lower under 750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+_(1)88 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(1)N_(2))treatment,but the soluble sugar content was higher.The results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed that both models performed well under the treatment of 750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+188 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(1)N_(2)),and the membership degree was above 0.6.In conclusion,in the North China Plain,the optimum water and fertilizer treatment for mixed forage cultivation for dry matter yield is_(1)500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+94 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(2)N_(1)).In order to pursue comprehensive performance(dry matter yield+forage quality),750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)+188 kg·hm^(-2)(W_(1)N_(2))was suitable for water and fertilizer treatment.