中医药处方知识产权保护制度的反思与重构

Reflection and Reconstruction of Intellectual Property Protection System of TCM Prescription

中医药处方作为传统中医药知识的重要表现形式,是我国中医药人才代代相传的实践成果与智慧结晶,其法律性质与我国现行的知识产权保护法律存在实质性差距,且在我国现行的知识产权制度下,多数民间的中医药处方难以得到充分、有效的保护;其相关产权的难以确定、临床用药的秘密性与患者生命健康受损的潜在危险性,都可能导致施药主体承担一定的民事、行政责任甚至是刑事责任;而现有制度的不足,可能阻碍中医药的保护与发展进步,故有必要将难以得到专项开发保护的中医药处方作为商业秘密,进行行政备案登记或商业秘密公证,或可使难以计数的民间中医药处方得到充分保护,并激发中医药传承与创新的新活力。

As an important manifestation of TCM knowledge,TCM prescription is the practice achievement and wisdom crystalliza-tion passed down from generation to generation by TCM talents.There is a substantial gap between its legal nature and the current law of intellectual property protection in China,and under the current intellectual property system in China,it is difficult for most folk TCM prescriptions to be fully and effectively protected.The difficulty in determining the relevant property rights,the secrecy of clinical drug use and the potential risks of damage to the life and health of patients may lead to the subject of drug application to bear certain civil,ad-ministrative and even criminal responsibility.However,the inadequacy of the existing system may hinder the protection,development and progress of TCM.Therefore,it is necessary to take the TCM prescription that is difficult to obtain special development and protec-tion as a trade secret,and carry out administrative registration or notarization of trade secrets,which may fully protect the countless folk TCM prescriptions,and stimulate the new vitality of TCM inheritance and innovation.