作为社会进步的社会工作:社会工作高质量发展的目标、定位与范式

Social Work as Social Progress:Objectives,Positioning,and Paradigms for High-Quality Development of Social Work

中央与各级党委社会工作部的成立,对中国特色社会工作发展具有指导意义,是中国社会工作发展历程的里程碑。同时,对大量“非专业”社会工作内容重要性的强调也带来了新的专业反思,社会工作的专业属性亟待厘清。将公共服务与社会治理作为社会工作的专业属性还不够充分,社会进步是中国特色社会工作的根本属性。社会工作的服务目标应当从保障弱势群体福利福祉扩展为社会整体进步;确立社会工作为党领导下的第三部门发展定位以解决长期存在的去社会化、准行政化和准市场化问题;重拾社会范式并发展中国特色社会进步取向的社会工作。社会工作部的工作范围不能等价于自身应然的服务领域,应结合社会工作专业优势与社会发展需要,在党建工作、“两企三新”、人民意见征集和基层治理与基层政权建设等领域寻求实践模式的创新,推动中国特色社会工作高质量发展。

The establishment of Society Work Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee holds significant guiding importance for the development of social work with Chinese characteristics and marks a major milestone in China’s social work history.A uniquely Chinese field of social work services is taking shape.Social work should continue to provide basic social servic to disadvantaged groups,participate in basic public services for the broader populace,and play an important role in society governance,especially at the grassroots level.However,the emphasis on a large amount of“non-professional”society work content has led to new professional reflections;the original helping role inherent in social work is being weakened,and the professional attributes of social work urgently need clarification.This paper analyzes the inadequacies of public services and social governance as professional attributes of social work,arguing that social progress is the fundamental attribute of the profession under discussion.It points out that the service goals of social work should expand from focusing solely on the welfare and well-being of vulnerable groups to promoting the overall progress of society.We should establish a social work value system aligned with the goal of social progress,drawing inspiration from the Marxist ideological system,the practices of the Communist Party of China(CPC)in leading the Chinese people in social construction,and China’s excellent traditional culture.Social work should establish its development positioning as the third sector under the leadership by the Party,properly manage the boundaries among the government,the market,and the third sector,and foster cooperative rather than subordinate relationships.This approach addresses the longstanding issues of de-socialization,quasi-administration,and quasi-marketization in the development of social work in China.The paper advocates for re-emphasizing the social paradigm in social work to resolve the issue of neglecting social transformation due to an overemphasis on individual orientation,integrating both macro and micro social work paradigms.Additionally,it compares the different contexts of Chinese and Western societies,highlighting that the varying intensities of social change make it both reasonable and feasible to develop social progress-oriented social work with Chinese characteristics.Finally,the paper points out the discrepancies between the work scope of the Society Work Department and the practical domains of professional social work,exploring specific pathways for the high-quality development of social work in China.The core argument is the emphasis on the social community,which is both the social foundation for the development of social work in China and the ultimate goal that social work services aim to achieve.