水质预警系统中斑马鱼运动行为指标的监测和优化

Monitoring and Optimization of Exercise Behavior Indices of Zebrafish in Water Quality Early Warning System

为进一步掌握斑马鱼的行为特征,优化基于鱼类行为变化的水质预警系统。文章采用Noldus Etho Vision XT软件对斑马鱼进行动态追踪分析处理,选取速度、蜿蜒度、活动性等10个行为指标,分析其相关关系并利用主成分分析法聚类降维,最终确定由距离、状态、轨迹、方向和加速度5种敏感因子及其构成的综合因子。通过模拟不同浓度Cd^(2+)急性暴露试验,结果表明,各项因子出现最值的时间主要集中在污染暴露的20 min内,且浓度越大各因子表现的行为特征越明显。其中轨迹因子、状态因子和距离因子较为敏感,均在10 min内出现最值。综合因子分别在0.1、1.0、2.0 TU的Cd^(2+)暴露后的8、10、4 min时达到最值。因此,文中统计筛选的5种因子可完整地表征斑马鱼的行为反应规律,综合因子可在10 min内有效预警水质突变,提供及时稳定的预警信号。

In order to gain a deeper understanding of the behavioral characteristics of zebrafish,the water quality early warning system based on changes was optimized in fish behavior.In this study,dynamic tracking analysis and processing of zebrafish were conducted using Noldus Etho Vision XT software.Ten behavioral indices including speed,serpentine movement,and activity were selected for correlation analysis.Principal component analysis was then employed to determine five sensitive factors(distance,state,trajectory,direction,and acceleration)as well as their comprehensive factors.By simulating acute exposure tests with different concentrations of Cd^(2+),the results demonstrated that maximum values for each factor were primarily observed within 20 minutes following pollution exposure.Moreover,higher concentrations corresponded to more pronounced behavioral characteristics.Among these factors,trajectory factor,state factor,and distance factor exhibited greater sensitivity with their maximum values appearing within 10 minutes postexposure.The composite factor reached its peak at 8 minutes after exposure to Cd^(2+)concentrations of 0.1 TU while it peaked at 10 minutes and 4 minutes after exposures to concentrations of 1.0 TU and 2.0 TU respectively.Therefore,the five statistically screened factors fully characterize the behavioral response pattern in zebrafish,and integrated factors could effectively provide timely warnings regarding sudden changes in water quality within a span of only ten minutes.