栽培措施对西瓜果实大小的影响

Effect of Cultivation Measures on Watermelon Fruit Size

为研究栽培措施对西瓜果实大小的影响,以“苏蜜518”为试材,“8424”为对照,采用不同整蔓方式结合不同坐瓜数以及不同整蔓方式结合不同种植密度2种处理方式,调查不同处理下果实重量、纵横径、果皮厚度、心糖、边糖等性状。结果发现,采用4蔓留不同坐瓜数试验无法获得预期结果,每株只能坐瓜2个,且果实重量差异显著。“苏蜜518”的小瓜重量为2.09~2.54 kg,“8424”的小瓜重量为2.24~2.54 kg。采用高密度栽培可以有效控制西瓜果重;高密度栽培结合整蔓留2个瓜,大小瓜差异显著,小瓜与大瓜相比,皮薄,中心糖略低,边糖差异不大。3蔓2瓜,株距30 cm,可以把小瓜重控制在2 kg以内。该研究探索了通过栽培措施调控西瓜果实大小的可行性,对生产中调控西瓜果实大小和产量有一定的应用价值。

In order to study the effect of cultivation measures on the size of watermelon fruit,the varieties‘Sumi 518’and‘8424’were used as test and control materials in this study,respectively.Two experimental treatments including different pruning methods combined with different numbers of watermelon fruits,and combined with different planting densities were used in this study,watermelon fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter and diameter,pericarp thickness,center sugar content,and edge sugar content under different treatments were record and analyzed.The results showed that the experiment treatment of four lateral branches with different numbers of watermelon fruits did not yield the expected results,two fruits per plant could get in this treatment,and there was a significant difference between these two fruits.The weight of small watermelon fruit was ranged from 2.09 kg to 2.54 kg for‘Sumi 518’and 2.24-2.54 kg for‘8424’.The weight of watermelon fruits could be effectively controlled by using high-density cultivation method.In the treatment of high-density cultivation combined with keeping two fruits per plant,there was a significant difference between big and small fruits.The small watermelon fruits had thin peels,slightly lower central sugar content,and little difference in edge sugar content when comparing with big watermelon fruits.The weight of small watermelon fruits could be controlled within 2 kg in the treatment of three lateral branches with two watermelon fruits per plant,combined with plant spacing of 30 cm.This study explored the feasibility of regulating watermelon fruit size through cultivation measures,which has certain application value in regulating watermelon fruit size and yield in production.