春结球甘蓝“绿峰二号”氮磷钾硼锰铁养分平衡分析

Nutrient Balance Analysis of N,P,K,B,Mn and Fe in Spring Brassica oleracea‘Lvfeng 2’

通过缺素试验和不同水平施肥量比较试验,研究结球甘蓝“绿峰二号”对氮、磷、钾、硼、锰和铁6种元素吸收利用特点,为结球甘蓝化肥减量增效和科学施肥提供依据。通过缺素试验发现在土壤中有较高的有效磷和速效钾含量时,再施磷肥或钾肥并不能提高结球甘蓝产量,反而会减产;施氮肥能提高结球甘蓝产量;从不同施肥水平来看,呈现出施肥越多结球甘蓝产量越高的特点,但增产幅度逐渐降低。结球甘蓝“绿峰二号”N、P、K养分吸收量比例平均为13.39∶8.00∶29.86,B、Mn、Fe养分吸收量比例平均为52.28∶83.36∶158.01。当目标产量70392 kg/hm^(2),N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施入量达91.03、55.67、210.24 kg/hm^(2),B、Mn、Fe施入量达57.44、85.58、171.53 g/hm^(2)时,就可保持当季土壤中养分平衡。NPK肥农学效率分别为130.33、11.10、6.44 kg/kg。

Through nutrient deficiency experiments and comparative experiments at different levels of fertilizer application,the absorption and utilization characteristics of six elements,including N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O,B,Mn and Fe,were studied in Brassica oleracea‘Lvfeng 2’,providing a basis for increasing fertilizer application efficiency and scientific fertilization in heading cabbage.Through nutrient deficiency experiments,it was found that when there was a high content of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil,applying phosphorus or potassium fertilizer again could not increase the yield of cabbage,but instead would reduce it;applying nitrogen fertilizer could increase the yield of cabbage;from the perspective of different fertilization levels,the more fertilizer applied,the higher the yield of cabbage,but the magnitude of yield increase gradually decreased.The average ratio of N,P,and K nutrient absorption in the‘Lvfeng 2’cabbage was 13.39∶8.00∶29.86,and the average ratio of B,Mn,and Fe nutrient absorption was 52.28∶83.36∶158.01.When the target yield was 70392 kg/hm^(2),the application rates of N,P 2O 5,and K 2O reached 91.03,55.67 and 210.24 kg/hm^(2),and the application rates of B,Mn,and Fe reached 57.44,85.58 and 171.53 g/hm^(2),the nutrient balance in the soil during the season can be maintained.The agricultural efficiency of N P K fertilizer was 130.33,11.10 and 6.44 kg/kg,respectively.