不同施肥调控措施对设施番茄产量·养分利用及品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Control Measures on the Yield,Nutrient Utilization and Quality of Tomatoes in Facilities

针对河北省设施蔬菜生产中施肥不合理,供给数量需求增加和品质下降等问题,采用田间试验法,以设施番茄为研究对象,设置农民习惯施肥和不同施肥措施处理,研究不同施肥处理对番茄产量、品质、养分利用及经济效益的影响。结果表明,与农民习惯施肥相比,合理进行配方肥及其配施生物菌和钙肥均可以提高番茄单果重2.9%~29.7%、产量3.8%~43%、干物质积累0.62%~17.4%,氮和磷养分吸收利用分别提高26.2%~74.1%、24.6%~71.6%,改善果实V C最高达6.4%、可溶糖最高达34.4%,降低果实总酸度最高达15.7%,增加纯经济效益。以IFI2(无机配方肥配施春雨生物菌肥)和IFI3(无机配方肥配施自制菌剂和钙肥)处理综合作用效果较好。

Aiming at the problems of the unreasonable fertilization,the increase of quantity,decrease of quality in supply and so on in the production of protected vegetable in Hebei Province,facility tomato was as the research object,treatments of farmers’habit fertilization and different fertilization measures were set to study on tomato yield,quality,nutrient utilization and economic benefits.The results showed that compared with the treatment of farmers’habit fertilization,rational formula fertilizer and its combination with biological bacteria and calcium fertilizer could improve tomato single fruit weight 2.9%-29.7%,yield 3.8%-43%,dry matter accumulation 0.62%-17.4%,N and P absorption and utilization 26.2%-74.1%、24.6%-71.6%,improve fruit Vc up to 6.4%,soluble sugar up to 34.4%and decrease total acidity up to 15.7%,increase pure economic benefit.IFI2(inorganic formula fertilizer combined with biological fertilizer produced by Chunyu)and IFI3(inorganic formula fertilizer combined with self-made bacteria agent and calcium fertilizer)had better comprehensive effect.