天津市园林绿化不同节水灌溉模式对土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Different Water-Saving Irrigation Modes of Greening on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Tianjin City

以天津市主要绿化种植树种海棠、国槐种植过程中传统漫灌、滴灌及粘土宝根灌3种灌溉管理技术为研究对象,从土壤物理、化学性质的角度对滴灌和粘土宝根灌2种新型节水灌溉模式做出综合评价。经过长期不同灌溉管理的试验研究发现:在海棠种植过程中滴灌处理相较于传统的漫灌处理对土壤的含水量、容重、pH具有积极的影响,滴灌处理相较于漫灌处理土壤有机碳、氨态氮及硝态氮的含量更高。在国槐种植的过程中,粘土宝根灌处理虽然降低土壤的pH,但其极大程度上提高了土壤的氨态氮和硝态氮含量;此外,从土壤理化性质的角度来看在海棠种植过程中滴灌可以良好地取代传统漫灌;粘土宝根灌管理方式是国槐种植中可行的灌溉管理方式。

The present study examined the effects of three irrigation management techniques,namely traditional diffuse irrigation,drip irrigation and clay root irrigation,on the physical and chemical properties of soil during the planting of two common greening species in Tianjin:Fraxinus chinensis and Sophora japonica Linn..Following a year of experimental study of different irrigation management techniques,it was found that drip irrigation had a positive effect on soil water content,bulk weight and pH value compared with traditional diffuse irrigation in Fraxinus chinensis planting.Furthermore,the content of organic carbon,ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen was higher in the soil in drip irrigation compared with diffuse irrigation.In the case of Sophora japonica Linn.planting,the application of clay bourgon irrigation resulted in a reduction in soil pH,while simultaneously increasing the concentration of ammoniacal and nitrate nitrogen.The results of our study indicate that drip irrigation can be an effective alternative to traditional flood irrigation in Fraxinus chinensis planting,particularly in terms of soil physicochemical properties.Furthermore,our findings suggest that clay root irrigation may be a viable irrigation management method in Sophora japonica Linn.planting.