氨冷凝器泄漏原因分析及预防措施

Leakage Cause Analysis and Preventive Measures of Ammonia Condenser

某石化公司的氨精制系统中,氨冷凝器发生了泄漏。经过分析,发现泄漏原因是循环水侧发生了腐蚀。为此,文章详细描述了循环水流速偏低如何导致冷凝器管束结垢,进而形成氧浓度差电池,引发电化学腐蚀的过程。同时,还对微生物腐蚀、操作不当等其他可能导致腐蚀的因素进行了分析和探讨。为了预防管束泄漏,提出了控制循环水流速不低于1 m/s,严格监控并控制循环水的水质指标,在氨冷凝器中增加跨线以提高水流分布均匀性,提升冷凝器管束的材质品质以增强其耐腐蚀性,以及定期进行反冲洗以清除管束上的污垢和微生物。

In the ammonia ref ining system of a petrochemical company,a leak occurred in the ammonia condenser.After analysis,it was found that the leak was caused by corrosion on the circulating water side.To this end,the paper provides a detailed description of how low circulating water velocity leads to fouling on the condenser tube bundle,which in turn forms an oxygen concentration cell and initiates electrochemical corrosion.Additionally,other potential corrosion factors such as microbial corrosion and improper operation are analyzed and discussed.To prevent tube bundle leaks,measures have been proposed,including controlling the circulating water velocity to no less than 1 m/s,strictly monitoring and controlling the quality indicators of the circulating water,adding crossover lines in the ammonia condenser to improve water flow distribution uniformity,upgrading the material quality of the condenser tube bundle to enhance its corrosion resistance,and conducting regular backwashing to remove fouling and microorganisms from the tube bundle.