仿生超疏水表面防/除冰应用研究进展

Research Progress in Anti-/De-Icing Applications of Biomimetic Superhydrophobic Surface

在航空领域中,飞机机翼表面结冰不仅会增大能源消耗,还会严重威胁人们的生命安全。防/疏冰方法由于其低能耗、经济且对环境无害等优点,成为近年来航空领域的研究热点。仿生超疏水材料由于其卓越的疏水性成为防/疏冰领域的首选材料。本文概述了仿生超疏水表面的疏水机理研究,并建立三维热力学理论模型指导超疏水表面的设计。综述了仿生超疏水材料改变水滴的浸润性、延迟水滴结冰、减小冰的黏附强度,并提出了仿生超疏水表面的防/疏冰三道防线。防/疏冰三道防线协同作用保证表面无冰。防/疏冰三道防线为实现低能耗、高效的防/疏冰领域提供了一个新思路,是未来仿生防/疏冰表面的重要发展趋势。

In the aerospace field,the icing on the surface of aircraft wings not only increases energy consumption but also poses a serious threat to people’s lives.The anti-icing/icephobic method has become a research hotspot in the aerospace field in recent years due to its advantages of low energy consumption,economy,and environmental soundness.Biomimetic superhydrophobic materials have become the first materials in the field of anti-icing/icephobic due to their excellent hydrophobicity.The research on the hydrophobic mechanism of biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces is summarized,and a 3D thermodynamic theoretical model is established to guide the design of superhydrophobic surfaces.The biomimetic superhydrophobic materials are reviewed to change the wettability of water droplets,delay the freezing of water droplets,reduce the adhesion strength of the ice,and summarize the proposed three-line of defense of anti-icing/icephobic on biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces.The three-line of defense of anti-icing/icephobic work in tandem to ensure an icefree surface.The three-line of defense of anti-icing/icephobic provides a new idea for achieving low energy consumption and high efficiency in the field of anti-icing/icephobic,which is an important development trend for future bionic anti-icing/icephobic surfaces.