多发性骨髓瘤患者合并静脉血栓栓塞风险评估模型的研究现状

Research status of risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in patients with multiple myeloma

多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是一种浆细胞克隆性疾病,静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)是其主要并发症之一。高龄、白色人种、高免疫球蛋白血症所致的高凝状态,以及应用免疫调节剂(IMiD)、红细胞生成素(EPO)等因素,均可增加MM患者合并VTE的风险,严重影响患者的预后及长期生存。有效的风险评估模型(RAM)可准确地对MM患者进行VTE风险分层,对改善患者预后具有深远临床意义。笔者拟就MM患者合并VTE的危险因素及国内外现行RAM的研究现状进行阐述,旨在提高临床医师对该病的识别。

Multiple myeloma(MM)is a clonal disease of plasma cells,and venous thromboembolism(VTE)is one of its main complications.Factors such as age,caucasians,hypercoagulability caused by hyperimmunoglobulinemia,and the use of immunomodulatory drug(IMiD)and erythropoietin(EPO)can increase the risk of VTE in MM patients,and seriously affect the prognosis and long-term survival of patients.An effective risk assessment model(RAM)can accurately stratify the risk of VTE in patients with MM,which has far-reaching clinical significance for improving the prognosis of patients.This article elaborates on the risk factors of VTE in MM patients and research status of RAM at home and abroad,aiming to improve the recognition of this disease by clinicians.