燃料电池与燃气轮机集成氢能发电技术研究

Research on Integrated Hydrogen Power Generation Technology with Fuel Cells and Gas Turbines

氢能在驱动全球能源转型与“双碳”目标的过程中发挥重要作用,氢能发电技术领域主要聚焦于燃料电池和基于氢气的燃气轮机2种技术。燃料电池具有高能量转换效率、低排放和模块化设计等优势,是氢能应用领域重要的组成部分,但是其耐久性差、成本高及启动时间长的问题是其广泛应用的主要障碍。氢燃气轮机利用氢气作为燃料,与传统的燃气轮机相比,具有更低的碳排放和更高的灵活性,但是氢燃气轮机在材料兼容性、燃烧稳定性及系统集成方面面临挑战。为此提出一种燃料电池与燃气轮机进行集成的耦合氢能发电技术,融合了燃料电池的高效低排特性与燃气轮机的强大功率输出和灵活性调峰能力,分析了该技术未来规模化应用需要克服的问题,为构建可持续能源体系提供参考。

Hydrogen energy plays a crucial role in driving the global energy transition and achieving the“dual carbon”goals.The field of hydrogen power generation technology focuses mainly on two pathways:fuel cell technology and hydrogen-based gas turbine technology.Fuel cells,with their high energy conversion efficiency,low emissions,and modular design are considered an essential component of future energy systems.However,its bad durability,high cost and long start-up time are the main obstacles to its wide application.The hydrogen gas turbine technology uses hydrogen as fuel,and offers lower carbon emissions and higher flexibility compared to traditional gas turbines.Nevertheless,it faces challenges in material compatibility,combustion stability,and system integration.The proposed coupled hydrogen power generation technology,which integrates fuel cells and gas turbines,aims to combine the high efficiency and low emissions of fuel cells with the robust power output and flexible peak-shaving capabilities of gas turbines.It analyzes the technology which needs to be overcome the problems in the future large-scale application.It provides a reference for building a sustainable energy system.