中国污染环境犯罪时空分布格局及影响因素

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Patterns and Influencing Factors of Environmental Pollution Crimes in China

加强污染环境犯罪的系统研究,可为区域环境治理及犯罪打击提供科学依据。本研究从地理空间视角,针对国内282个地市州2014—2020年的年际污染环境犯罪数据,综合采用空间自相关分析、空间计量模型等多种方法,对我国污染环境犯罪的时空分布格局及主要影响因素开展了研究。研究结果表明:(1)2014—2019年国内污染环境犯罪案发数量逐年增多且地区差异逐渐减弱、离散度增高,2020年案发数量降低,地区差异有所提高,离散度降低;(2)我国污染环境犯罪多发于“胡焕庸线”以东地区,整体呈现出“四中心一带”扩散型分布特点,并在这些高值区及周边地区呈现出明显的集聚效应;(3)城市污染环境犯罪案发数量与规模以上工业企业个数、二产从业人员比重和全市人均可支配收入具有显著的正相关性,而与农村人均可支配收入和一般工业固废综合利用率成显著负相关。研究结果可为部、省级环保执法部门加强对环境污染重点地区的监管与督导提供决策支持。

Enhancing methodical researches on environmental pollution crimes can establish a scientific foundation for local environmental administration and crime prevention.This study attempts to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of environmental pollution crimes in China and analyze the key factors that influence them with interannual environmental pollution crimes data from 282 cities spanning the years 2014 to 2020 from a geospatial perspective.The results of the study show that:1)Trend in environmental pollution crimes:the number of domestic environmental pollution crimes exhibited an upward trend from 2014 to 2019.2)Geographical distribution characteristics:Environmental pollution crimes were primarily concentrated in the regions east of the"Hu Huanyong Line".The overall distribution followed the pattern of the"four centers and one belt",with an evident agglomeration effect observed in high-value areas and their surrounding regions.3)Influencing factors:The number of large-scale industrial enterprises,the proportion of employees in the secondary industry and the per capita disposable income of the residents exhibited significant positive correlations with the occurrence of environmental pollution crimes.