中国新媒介文艺外部研究——基于平台的方法

The External Analysis of Chinese New Media Arts:A Platform-Centric Approach

平台研究是探索和回应近20年来中国新媒介文艺平台化进程中形成的独具特色的制度模式和实践经验的必然选择。将平台确立为继语言、媒介之后的外部研究和方法,可以发现作为新媒介文艺的基础设施,平台在多力合成框架下塑造了“不确定性平台文艺”。虽然可编程技术架构充分激活了文艺生产力,促使“不可能的创意阶层”兴起,但平台在多边市场的绝对主导权将生产力转化为平台资本主义掠夺剩余价值的增长点。更进一步,平台资本逻辑下的算法利维坦推动文艺生产从类型化、模板化到套路化层层异化,导致平台文艺作品以“算法化美学价值”为先。由此,激活与禁锢构成平台生产效能的辩证法,这提醒我们在反思新媒介文艺平台问题的基础上,发展具有“中国精神”的平台文艺。

Platform research is essential for exploring and understanding the unique institutional models and practical experiences that have emerged over the past two decades of platformization in Chinese new media literature and art.This study identifies the platform as an external element and mechanism beyond language and media,forming the foundational infrastructure of new media literature and art.Platforms have shaped a“contingent platform literature and art”within a framework of multiple,intersecting forces.Although the pro-grammable technological architecture has significantly activated literary and artistic productivity,fostering the rise of an“impossible creative class”,the platform's dominant control in a multilateral market context has transformed this productivity into a growth point for platform capitalism to extract surplus value.Furthermore,the“algorithmic leviathan”within the logic of platform capitalism drives literary and artistic production into a state of alienation,evolving from genre and template to fixed patterns,ultimately leading to an“algorithmic aesthetic value”for platform-based literary and artistic works.Therefore,the dialectic of activation and con-straint in platform production efficiency calls for the development of platform literature and art rooted in a“Chi-nese spirit,”urging a reflective approach toward the challenges posed by new media platforms.