贵州烤烟外观和感官质量与代谢物的关联性分析

Correlations between metabolites of flue-cured tobacco with appearance and sensory quality from Guizhou Province

为了明晰影响贵州产区烤烟外观和感官质量的烟叶代谢物,按照唯一因素差别原则制备了2021年贵州产区不同外观特征的烤烟样品44个,对样品进行了外观评价、感官评吸、常规化学成分和代谢组测定,并通过相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析探索代谢物与烤烟外观和感官质量之间的关系。结果表明:(1)叶片结构、身份和油分3项外观质量指标与烤烟感官质量有较强的相关性。(2)赖氨酸、D-葡萄糖、肉豆蔻酸、松三糖、乳酸、海藻糖和蔗糖与烤烟感官质量具有较强的相关性,海藻糖和蔗糖对烤烟外观中的叶片结构和身份有较强的相关性。(3)相关性分析和代谢物差异分析结果显示,赖氨酸、D-葡萄糖、肉豆蔻酸、松三糖、乳酸、海藻糖和蔗糖等7种代谢物可能是影响烟叶感官和外观质量的关键代谢物。初步探明了影响贵州产区烤烟外观质量和感官质量的关键代谢物,对工业企业高效利用贵州产区烤烟具有一定的指导意义。

To clarify the metabolites that affect the appearance and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco from Guizhou Province,a total of 44 tobacco leaf samples with distinct appearance characteristics,harvested in 2021 from Guizhou,were prepared on the principle of unique factor differences.The appearance and sensory quality of these samples were evaluated,and their routine chemical components and metabolites were determined.The correlations between the metabolites and the appearance and sensory quality were investigated through correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that:1)Three appearance quality indicators,i.e.,leaf structure,body and oil content,were closely correlated with the sensory quality of the samples.2)L-lysine,D-glucose,myristic acid,melezitose,lactic acid,trehalose,and sucrose were closely correlated with the sensory quality of the samples.Specifically,trehalose and sucrose were closely correlated with both leaf structure and body.3)The results of both correlation analysis and metabolite differential analysis indicated that seven metabolites,including L-lysine,D-glucose,myristic acid,melezitose,lactic acid,trehalose,and sucrose,might be the key metabolites affecting the sensory and appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves.The above findings provide a reference for industrial enterprises aiming to efficiently utilize tobacco leaves from Guizhou Province.