营养液浓度对水培菜用甘薯‘海大7791’菜用和观赏价值的影响

Effects of nutrient solution concentration on the vegetable and ornamental value of hydroponic Vegetable Sweetpotato‘Haida 7791’

为了研究营养液浓度对水培菜用甘薯菜用价值和观赏价值的影响,以菜用甘薯‘海大7791’为试验材料,采用水培的方式进行培养,以日本园试配方为基础营养液配方,试验以清水为对照,设置6个处理,分别为0.25、0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5倍基础营养液浓度,用CK、T1、T2、T3、T4、T5和T6表示,研究不同营养液浓度对其菜用价值和观赏价值的影响。试验结果表明,在一定范围内提高营养液浓度能够显著促进植株生长、提高地上部的干鲜质量;产量随营养液浓度提高而逐渐增加,3次采收产量和总产量均表现出T4-T6产量较高。在菜用品质方面,CK的维生素C和可溶性糖含量最佳,硝态氮含量最低。叶绿素含量在T4最高;根系活力在CK最高。在顶部心叶叶色方面,低浓度营养液处理更有利于花青素的积累,其中以CK花青素相对含量最高,顶部心叶叶绿素含量在T4总含量最高;叶色参数与花青素相对含量和叶绿素含量表现趋势一致。综上所述,在菜用价值方面,T4(1.5倍)处理生物量大、产量高;CK(清水)处理可溶性糖含量和维生素C含量最高、硝态氮含量最低,营养品质最佳。结合产量和品质的表现,可以考虑在生长前期和中期用1.5倍浓度营养液培养,生长后期(采收前)换至清水,可以兼顾产量和品质。在观赏价值方面,CK(清水)花青素含量最高,顶部心叶叶脉最红,T4(1.5倍)顶部心叶叶绿素含量最高,因人们的审美差异,可根据个人对红绿色的喜好在CK和T4中自由选择。

In order to study the effect of nutrient solution concentration on the vegetable value and ornamental value of hydroponic vegetable sweetpotato,the vegetable sweetpotato‘Haida 7791’was used for hydroponic culture with Japanese garden formula as the basic nutrient solution formula,and clear water as the control.Seven treatments were designed:control treatment(CK)and treatments T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 and T6,in which‘Haida 7791’was treated with 0,0.25,0.5,1,1.5,2,and 2.5 times the concentration of the basic nutrient solution,respectively,to study the effects of different nutrient solution concentrations on its vegetable value and ornamental value.The results show that an increase in the concentration of the basic nutrient solution within a certain range significantly promoted plant growth and increased the dry and fresh weight of the aboveground part.The yield increased gradually with the nutrient solution concentration.The yield and total yield of the three harvests showed that the treatments T4-T6 yielded higher.In terms of vegetable quality,CK had the best vitamin C and soluble sugar content,and the lowest nitrate nitrogen content.T4 was the highest in chlorophyll content,and CK was the highest in root activity.In terms of top heart leaf color,treatments with low concentrations of the basic nutrient solution was more conducive to the accumulation of anthocyanin,among which CK was the highest in relative content of anthocyanin.The total content of chlorophyll in top heart leaf was the highest in T4.The leaf color parameters was consistent with the relative content of anthocyanin and chlorophyll content.In summary,in terms of vegetable value,T4 had high biomass and high yield,while CK was the highest in soluble sugar content and vitamin C content,the lowest in nitrate nitrogen content and hence the best in nutritional quality.Combined with the performance of yield and quality,it can be considered to use 1.5 times the concentration of the basic nutrient solution at the early and middle stages of growth,and change to clear water at the late stage of growth(before harvest).In terms of ornamental value,CK was the highest in anthocyanin content and reddest in top heart leaf vein,and T4 was the highest in chlorophyll content.Consumers can choose freely vegetable sweetpotato plants cultured in CK and T4 according to their preferences for red or green.