上海职住关系与城市通勤问题空间治理策略

Jobs-housing Relationship in Shanghai and Spatial Governance Policies for Urban Commuting Related Problems

职住空间不平衡是城市通勤时间增加的重要原因。在上海城市去中心化的过程中,就业中心和居住中心的空间错配造成了大量的长距离通勤,对上海交通形成巨大压力,并影响居民幸福感。因此,在大都市交通治理中,推动上海“五个新城”体系打造,因地制宜地突出“五个新城”规划特色,构建多节点、多中心的通勤网络,同时加强保障房政策实施,提高新城和郊区公共服务的均等化水平,能够有效地促进职住平衡,推动城市可持续发展。

Jobs-housing imbalance is an important reason for the increase in the commute time of urban areas.In the process of Shanghai's urban decentralization,the spatial mismatch between housing and employment results in a large number of long-distance commuters,which has created a great pressure on Shanghai’s transportation and an impact on the residents’wellbeing.This paper proposes that through metropolitan transportation management Shanghai should advance the building of its five“new cities”in suburban areas,highlight the characteristics of the five“new cities”according to their local conditions,and build a commuting network with multiple nodes and centers.Meanwhile,Shanghai should promote urban government-subsidized housing and ensure more equitable access to basic public services in the new cities and suburbs so as to achieve jobs-housing balance and sustainable urban development.