锥形束CT在青少年双根型下颌第一恒磨牙牙根外形解剖观察中的应用

The application of cone beam CT in the anatomical observation of the root shape of the mandibular first permanent molar with double roots in adolescents

目的探究锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)在青少年双根型下颌第一恒磨牙(permanent mandibular first mo�lars,PMFMs)牙根外形解剖观察中的应用。方法选取2018年5月至2020年5月乐山市人民医院收治的136例青少年双根型PMFMs患者作为研究对象,患者均进行CBCT检查。比较颊侧、舌侧根柱长度、根分叉宽度;比较近中根(mesial root,MR)和远中根(distal root,DR)根面凹陷深度和凹陷程度;比较颊侧和舌侧根柱凹陷宽度、深度,计算深度/宽度值;统计双根型PMFMs远中舌根不同性别患者的牙位分布情况;比较不同性别双根型PMFMs患者远中舌根人数、牙数。结果颊侧根柱长度短于舌侧,根分叉宽度宽于舌侧,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MR根面凹陷深度深于DR,根面凹陷程度大于DR,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。颊侧根柱凹陷宽度宽于舌侧,深度深于舌侧,深度/宽度大于舌侧,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。136例青少年双根型PMFMs患者中,远中舌根48例,总牙数90根。其中男性26例,牙数50根,其中远中舌根牙位于双侧17例(65.38%),牙数33根(66.00%);左侧7例(26.92%),牙数13根(26.00%);右侧2例(7.69%),牙数4根(8.00%)。女性22例,牙数40根,其中远中舌根牙位于双侧12例(54.55%),牙数23根(57.50%);左侧7例(31.82%),牙数13根(32.50%);右侧3例(13.64%),牙数4根(10.00%)。不同性别双根型PMFMs远中舌根人数、牙数比较差异无统计学意义。结论CBCT用于青少年双根型PMFMs的解剖学探查效果理想,且检查结果不受患者性别影响,准确度较高。

Objective To explore the application of cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)in the anatomical observation of root shape of permanent mandibular first molars(PMFMs)with double roots in adolescents.Methods 136 adolescent patients with double-rooted PMFMs admitted to The People's Hospital of Leshan from May 2018 to May 2020 were selected as the study subjects,all patients underwent CBCT examination.The length of buccal and lingual root column and the width of root bifurcation were compared;the root surface depression depth and degree of mesial root(MR)and distal root(DR)were compared;the width and depth of the buccal and lingual root column depressions were compared,and the depth/width value was calculated;the distribution of teeth in patients with different genders of double roots PMFMs distal tongue root was statistically analyzed;the number of distal tongue roots and teeth in double roots PMFMs patients of different genders were compared.Results The length of the buccal root column was shorter than that of the lingual side,and the width of the root bifurcation was wider than that of the lingual side,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The depth of MR root depression was deeper than that of DR,and the degree of root depression was greater than that of DR,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The width of the buccal root column depression was wider than that of the lingual side,the depth was deeper than that of the lingual side,and the depth/width was greater than that of the lingual side,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the 136 adolescent patients with double-rooted PMFMs,there were 48 cases of distal tongue root,and the total number of teeth was 90.Among them,there were 26 males and 50 teeth.17 cases(65.38%)of the distal tongue root teeth were located on both sides,and the number of teeth was 33(66.00%);there were 7 cases(26.92%)on the left side and 13 teeth(26.00%);there were 2 cases(7.69%)on the right side,with 4 teeth(8.00%).There were 22 females with 40 teeth,including 12 cases(54.55%)and 23 teeth(57.50%)with distal tongue root teeth on both sides;there were 7 cases(31.82%)on the left side,with 13 teeth(32.50%);there were 3 cases(13.64%)on the right side,and 4 teeth(10.00%).There was no significant difference in the number of distal tongue roots and teeth of double roots PMFMs between different genders.Conclusion CBCT has an ideal anatomical exploration effect for adolescent double root PMFMs,and the examination results are not affected by the patient's gender,with high accuracy.