苍术素通过ROS/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路诱导肺癌细胞凋亡和自噬

Atractylodin induces apoptosis and autophagy of lung cancer cells via ROS/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway

目的:探讨苍术素(atractylodin,ATR)对肺癌细胞凋亡和自噬的影响,并初步探讨其可能分子机制。方法:体外培养非小细胞肺癌A549和H460细胞,CCK-8检测不同浓度苍术素对肺癌细胞和HBE细胞活力的影响。Hoechst染色及流式细胞术检测苍术素对肺癌细胞凋亡的影响。Western blot法检测P62、beclin-1、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,LC3)、Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1(Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1,Keap-1)、核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor E2-related factor 2,Nrf2)、血红素加氧酶1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)和NAD(P)H:醌氧化还原酶1[NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1,NQO1]的蛋白表达;吖啶橙染色(acridine orange,AO)检测酸性自噬泡的表达;免疫荧光检测LC3和Nrf2的表达;氯喹(chloroquine,CQ)阻断A549细胞的自噬后,采用Western blot分析,AO染色和流式细胞术检测细胞的自噬和凋亡;DCFH-DA检测活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的表达水平。结果:苍术素抑制肺癌A549和H460细胞的活力,促进肺癌细胞凋亡;在苍术素作用下,肺癌A549细胞内的酸性自噬泡数量显著增长,同时LC3和beclin-1蛋白表达量显著升高,而P62则减少。CQ阻断A549细胞的自噬,并逆转苍术素诱导的细胞凋亡;同时苍术素显著促进细胞内ROS的表达,抑制Keap-1的蛋白表达,上调Nrf2、HO-1及NQO1的蛋白表达。结论:苍术素可抑制肺癌细胞活性,并通过自噬诱导肺癌细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与ROS/Nrf2/HO-1通路有关。

AIM:This study investigates the apoptotic and autophagic effects of atractylodin on lung cancer cells,elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)A549 and H460 cells,in addition to non-cancerous HBE cells,were cultured in vitro.The effects of atractylodin at various concen-trations on cell viability were assessed using CCK-8 assay.Apoptotic effects were evaluated through Hoechst staining and flow cytometry,while Western blot analysis was performed to detect changes in protein expressions associated with apopto-sis and autophagy,including P62,beclin-1,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3),Kelch-like epichloro-hydrin(ECH)-associated protein-1(Keap-1),nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1).Autophagic flux was further analyzed using acridine orange(AO)stain-ing,and immunofluorescence for LC3 and Nrf2.Additionally,autophagy inhibition experiments were conducted using chloroquine(CQ),followed by analyses of autophagy and apoptosis.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were quanti-fied using DCFH-DA.RESULTS:Treatment with atractylodin significantly reduced the viability of A549 and H460 lung cancer cells,promoting apoptosis and inducing autophagy.This was evidenced by an increase in acidic autophagic vesi-cles,upregulation of LC3 and beclin-1,and downregulation of P62.Inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine reversed atrac-tylodin-induced apoptosis.Moreover,atractylodin heightened ROS production,inhibited Keap-1,and stimulated the ex-pression of Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1.CONCLUSION:Atractylodin effectively inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and autophagy.These effects are mediated through the modulation of the ROS/Nrf2/HO-1 sig-naling pathway,underscoring its potential as a therapeutic agent in lung cancer treatment.