在俗世的荒诞中寻找存在的本真——解读王小波的《三十而立》

Seeking the truth of existence in the absurdity of the secular world:an interpretation of Wang Xiaobo’s At Thirty

加缪指出了生活本身的荒诞性,面对荒诞,人应当以怎样的姿态生活?在《三十而立》中,王小波描绘出一个典型的现代人所遭遇的荒诞境遇,并通过王二的选择给读者他的肯定性思考:人应当反抗现实的荒诞,在俗世的荒诞中寻找存在的本真,并以这种本真的姿态去生活。《三十而立》是王小波对“我们应当如何生活”这一创作主题的又一次追问与回答,是他给予荒诞境遇中的现代人的一份行动导引。发现荒诞——反抗荒诞这一叙事模式不仅存在于《三十而立》这一孤立的文本中,更贯穿在王小波的整个创作史中。对“荒诞幕布”的揭示与对“反抗荒诞”的呼求是王小波的书写与加缪哲学之间一条隐秘而真实的意义通道,而这种揭示与呼求也是王小波创作之于20世纪90年代中国文学独特的价值所在。

Albert Camus famously identified the inherent absurdity of human existence,prompting the existential question of how one should live in the face of this absurdity.In At Thirty,Wang Xiaobo depicts the absurd predicament encountered by contemporary individuals.Through the protagonist Wang Er’s existential choices,Wang Xiaobo presents his affirmative philosophical contemplation to the absurd:people should resist the absurdity of reality,seek the authenticity within it,and live with this authentic attitude.At Thirty serves as a continuation of Wang Xiaobo’s ongoing engagement with the existential question of“how should we live”,offering modern individuals a prescriptive framework for action confronting absurd situations.The narrative paradigm of recognizing and resisting absurdity not only exists in At Thirty,but also resonates throughout Wang Xiaobo’s entire literary oeuvre.The revelation of the“curtain of absurdity”and the call for“resisting the absurdity”form a hidden yet gennuine philosophical link between Wang Xiaobo’s writings and Camus’s existential thought.This revelation and call also highlight the unique value of Wang Xiaobo’s literary contributions within the context of 1990s Chinese literature.