论青阳腔“滚词”的来源及其内容指向

Exploration of the Sources of Gun Words and Their Content Points

青阳腔之“滚词”的勃兴是戏文、传奇在民间观演语境中适应“从俗”趣味的产物,以明万历时期的戏曲选本为主要材料,考察其来源,分析其形式与内容以及与所在戏曲出目内容间的相关性,可以看出,这些源自诗词、俗语、套语的滚词有其独特的内容和审美指向,既强调对下层民众的“苦难—教化”,也透露出下层文人在滚词创作中有意无意地对滚词之“从俗”旨归的背离,对滚词与戏曲情节的紧密性进行了一定程度的破坏与瓦解。

The flourishing of“Gun words”of Qingyangqiang Opera is a product of adapting to the“popular”interest of opera and legend in the context of folk performance.Taking the selected operas in the Wanli reign of Ming Dynasty as the main material,we examine their sources,analyze their forms and contents,as well as their correlation with the contents of their repertoire.We can see that these rolling words derived from poems,common sayings and set phrases have their own unique contents and aesthetic directions,which not only emphasize the“suffering-education”of the lower class people,but also reveal that the lower class literati consciously or unconsciously departed from the“popu-lar”purpose of Gun words in the creation of the Gun words.It also reveals that the lower literati,in the creation of the Gun words,intentionally or unintentionally deviated from the purpose of the Gun words“from vulgarity”,which undermined and disintegrated the closeness of the Gun words and the plot of the opera to a certain extent.