饲用燕麦与豆科牧草混播对饲草产量及茎叶比的影响

Effects of Mixed Sowing of Forage Oats and Legumes on Forage Yield and Stem-Leaf Ratio

本研究选取燕麦(Avena sativa)作为禾本科植物代表物种,大豆(Glycine max)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)作为豆科植物代表物种,设置5种混播处理(饲用燕麦∶大豆2∶1、饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1、饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿3∶1、饲用燕麦∶箭筈豌豆2∶1及饲用燕麦∶箭筈豌豆3∶1),并以4种植物单播作为对照,分析不同混播处理对豆禾混播草地干草产量及茎叶比的影响。结果表明:与饲用燕麦单播相比,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1及饲用燕麦∶箭筈豌豆3∶1产量分别较单播提高了114%、34%;与4种豆科植物单播相比,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1可显著提高干草产量;但与饲用燕麦单播相比,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿3∶1混播模式可显著降低茎叶比。综上,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1或3∶1的混播处理在我国北方农牧交错带具有较大的生产优势。

In this study,forage oat(Avena sativa)was selected as the representative species of gramin-eous plants,soybean(Glycine max),alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and common vetch(Vicia sativa)were selected as the representative species of leguminous plants.Five mixed sowing treatments(forage oat∶soy-bean 2∶1,forage oat∶alfalfa 2∶1,forage oat∶alfalfa 3∶1,forage oat∶common vetch 2∶1 and forage oat∶com-mon vetch 3∶1)were set up,and four monocultures were used as controls to analysis the effects of different mixed sowing modes on hay yield and stem-leaf ratio of legume-grass mixed grassland.The results showed that compared with monoculture of forage oat,the hay yield oat∶alfalfa 2∶1 and forage oat∶common vetch 3∶1 increased by 114%and 34%respectively.Compared with the monoculture of four leguminous plant,for-age oat∶alfalfa 2∶1 could significantly increase hay yield,however,compared with the single sowing of for-age oat,forage oat∶alfalfa 3∶1 could significantly reduce the stem-leaf ratio.In summary,the mixed sow-ing mode of forage oat∶alfalfa at a ratio of 2∶1 or 3∶1 has a great production advantage in the farming-pastoral ecotone of northern China.