金融科技对小微企业精准信贷的影响研究——基于全国510份商业银行问卷的实证分析

Research on the Impact of Fintech on Precision Credit for SMEs:Empirical Analysis Based on 510 Commercial Bank Questionnaires

金融科技的蓬勃发展为商业银行深化小微金融服务提供了新思路。本文以涵盖东中西部及东北地区510份商业银行小微企业信贷调查问卷数据为样本,探讨了金融科技对小微企业精准信贷的影响及作用机制,同时进一步研究了信用监管环境在其间发挥的调节作用。研究结果表明:金融科技能显著提升小微企业信贷精准性,且该路径能够通过削弱信息距离约束、改善客户基础条件实现。异质性分析表明,在依托金融科技改善小微企业精准信贷方面,大型商业银行比中小型商业银行更有潜力,西部和东北地区较东部和中部地区更有潜力。此外,信用监管环境差的地区,金融科技对精准信贷发挥的促进作用更大。研究结论丰富了金融科技改善小微企业信贷的理论解释,也为商业银行提升小微金融服务能力提供了启示。

The vigorous development of fintech has provided new ideas for commercial banks to improve financial services for small and micro enterprises(SMEs).Based on 510 commercial bank credit questionnaires for SMEs covering the east,central,west and northeast regions,the impact and mechanism of fintech on precision credit for SMEs was explored.At the same time,the moderating effect of credit supervision environment in this process was examined.The results indicate that fintech can significantly improve the accuracy of credit for SMEs,and this path can be achieved by weakening information distance constraints and improving customer infrastructure.Heterogeneity analysis shows that large commercial banks have more advantages than small and medium-sized commercial banks in improving the accuracy of credit for SMEs.The credit capacity for SMEs from commercial banks in the western and northeastern regions has greater potential for improvement compared to the eastern and central regions.In addition,in areas with poor credit regulatory environments,fintech plays a greater role in improving precision credit.Our findings enriches the theoretical explanation that fintech improves credit for SMEs,and also provides management inspiration for commercial banks to enhance their financial service capabilities for SMEs.