International cooperation in science,technology,and health,challenges and perspective

International cooperation in science and technology is a major challenge for developing countries such as Brazil and China.From the“safari research,”in which poor countries enter with the disease and the rich countries with technology,to new frameworks such as the BRICS,professors Carlos Medicis Morel,from Brazil’s Oswaldo Cruz Foundation,and Yi Shen,from China’s Fudan University,have a dialogue mediated by AndréCosta Lobato,on the challenges and perspectives for cooperation in the global south.While the bottom-up process usually leads to fruitful cooperation,the top–down political support is relevant to provide a proper environment for researchers.The dialogue explored the differences in scientific structures between Brazil and China,language barriers,and the need for effective communication.They discussed the evolution of BRICS beyond economic cooperation,emphasizing its role in global governance,science,technology,and health.The professors addressed the benefits of international collaboration,including knowledge exchange,exposure to different cultures,and solving common problems.