高压氧联合虾青素干预对英式橄榄球运动员急性运动性疲劳消除效果的研究

Research on the Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Combined with Astaxanthin Intervention on the Elimination of Acute Exercise-Induced Fatigue in Rugby Players

目的:通过比较自然恢复、高压氧干预及高压氧联合虾青素干预3种方式对急性运动性疲劳消除效果的差异,分析与评估高压氧联合虾青素干预对急性运动性疲劳的消除效果。方法:招募30名现役英式橄榄球运动员(男、女各15名),配对随机分为对照组、高压氧组及高压氧虾青素组,每组各10人。采用递增负荷力竭运动诱发急性运动性疲劳,对照组自然恢复60 min,高压氧组进行60 min高压氧干预(ATA=1.3),高压氧虾青素组进行联合干预(口服虾青素16 mg后,高压氧干预60 min,ATA=1.3)。分别在运动前即刻(P0)、运动后即刻(P1)和干预结束即刻(P_(2))3个时间点采集受试者的血液样本,分析获取炎症与代谢相关指标(WBC、CRP、Bla、BU、UA、Glu等)、氧化应激损伤相关指标(CK、LDH、MDA、SOD、GSH-Px等)和激素指标等的变化情况,并同步采集氧饱和度指标数据,包括动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))和肌氧饱和度(SmO_(2))。采用描述统计和单因素方差分析比较受试者的基本信息以及力竭指标,其余指标均采用双因素重复测量方差分析。结果:P_(2)时间点,高压氧虾青素组的血乳酸浓度(Bla值)基本恢复(P>0.05),其余2组仍显著高于初始值(P0);P_(2)时,高压氧组和高压氧虾青素组的SmO_(2)均恢复正常,对照组SmO_(2)值仍明显低于初始值(P<0.01);相比对照组和高压氧组,高压氧虾青素组的WBC和CRP下降恢复趋势更明显,CK下降速度亦显著优于二者(P<0.01,P=0.078);P_(2)时,高压氧虾青素组的MDA水平由P1时的4.08 mmol/mL降至(3.34±0.24)mmol/mL(P<0.01),并显著低于同期对照组的(3.84±0.17)mmol/mL(P<0.01)和高压氧组的(3.68±0.29)mmol/mL(P<0.01)。结论:高压氧干预可有效促进剧烈运动后肌氧水平的恢复;高压氧联合虾青素干预能加速乳酸代谢和抑制炎症,并能有效缓解剧烈运动和高压氧干预造成的氧化应激损伤,相比单纯的高压氧干预,具有更佳的运动疲劳消除效果。

Objective:To explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen intervention combined with strong antioxidant astaxanthin on the elimination of acute exercise-induced fatigue through comparing the differences of natural recovery,hyperbaric oxygen intervention and hyperbaric oxygen combined with astaxanthin intervention on the elimination of acute exercise-induced fatigue in rugby players.Methods:Thirty professional rugby players(fifteen males and fifteen females)were recruited and paired and randomly assigned into control group,hyperbaric oxygen group,or hyperbaric oxygen astaxanthin groups(ten in each groups,respectively).Acute fatigue for the three groups was induced by using an exhaustive exercise with incremental load.The control group naturally recovered for 60 min,the hyperbaric oxygen group received 60 min hyperbaric oxygen intervention(ATA=1.3),and the hyperbaric oxygen astaxanthin group took astaxanthin(16 mg)immediately after exercise and then received 60 min hyperbaric oxygen intervention(ATA=1.3).Blood samples were collected at three time points immediately before the exercise(P0),immediately after the exercise(P1),and immediately after the intervention(P_(2)).Changes ofinflammation and metabolism-related indicators(WBC,CRP,Bla,BU,UA,Glu,etc.),oxidative stress injury-related indicators(CK,LDH,MDA,SOD,GSH-Px,etc.),and hormone indicators were analyzed.Oxygen saturation indicators including arterial oxygen saturation(SaO_(2))and muscle oxygen saturation(SmO_(2))were collected simultaneously.Descriptive statistics and one-way and repeated measure ANOVAs were used to detect significant differences of the subjects’basic information and exhaustion index,and the results of other indicators among the three groups.Results:For the hyperbaric oxygen astaxanthin group,the blood lactate concentration(Bla)was restored to the initial level at P_(2)(P>0.05),whereas the other two groups remained high;the SmO_(2) were restored to initial level at P_(2) for both the hyperbaric oxygen group and the hyperbaric oxygen astaxanthin group(P>0.05),while the control group remained significantly lower(P<0.01).In comparing with the control group and hyperbaric oxygen group,the recovery trend of WBC and CRP was more obvious in the hyperbaric oxygen astaxanthin group,and the decrement of CK was more significant(P<0.01,P=0.078).For the hyperbaric oxygen astaxanthin group,the MDA level was reduced from 4.08 mmol/mL at P1 to(3.34±0.24)mmol/mL at P_(2)(P<0.01),which was significantly lower than the control group(3.84±0.17)mmol/mL(P<0.01),and the hyperbaric oxygen group(3.68±0.29)mmol/mL(P<0.01).Conclusions:Hyperbaric oxygen intervention can effectively promote the recovery of muscle oxygen saturation levels after intensive exercise.The intervention of hyperbaric oxygen combined with astaxanthin can accelerate lactic acid metabolism and inhibit inflammation,and can effectively alleviate oxidative stress injury caused by the intensive exercise and hyperbaric oxygen intervention,and has a better effect on the elimination of acute exercise-induced fatigue.