心脑血管疾病运动防治研究:历程、挑战、趋势

Research on the Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases through Exercise:History,Challenges and Trends

目的:探讨身体锻炼联合多感官刺激对心理健康的影响。方法:在知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 5个电子数据库进行系统检索,筛选后纳入11项研究,使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具2.0进行相关研究的方法学质量评价,采用半定量的系统综述总结归纳相关文章。结果:身体锻炼联合多感官刺激能显著抑制消极情绪和促进注意力恢复,并在一定程度上改善积极情绪和心脏自主神经功能。结论:多感官刺激能产生“多感官整合”,与单一感官刺激相比,身体锻炼联合多感官刺激能促进心理健康效益。建议未来研究优化多感官刺激的核心技术,采用神经影像技术深入探讨潜在机制,增加高质量随机对照实验,并进一步探索锻炼强度、不同刺激方式、个体差异等因素的作用。

Cardio‐cerebrovascular diseases(CVDs)is an important factor that causes death and disability,and has become a major public health problem that needs to be controlled urgently in China.Exercise has become a hot research topic in recent years because of its remarkable effects in the prevention and treatment of CVDs.According to the study,the domestic CVDs prevention and treatment research has been gradually enriched,involving the introduction of foreign practices,local experimental intervention treatment and exploration on exercise prescription;the foreign research focuses on epidemiological investigation,randomized controlled trials(RCT)and elaboration of exercise guidelines.At present,domestic research faces challenges including insufficient cross-border cooperation,limited research types,few clinical studies,narrow coverage of study population,insufficient advancement of preventive thresholds,and blocked application and transformation of research achievements.In the future,it is necessary to build a CVDs prevention and control system with people’s health as the center,accumulate local exercise data to refine the prevention and control of single disease and comorbidies-related diseases,carry out large-scale exercise epidemiological investigations,implement RCT of evidence-based exercise interventions,and develop specialized exercise guidelines for the whole population.