健全农村金融服务体系:核心问题、逻辑转换与对策建议

Strengthening the Rural Financial Service System:Core Issues,Logical Transformation and Recommendations

健全农村金融服务体系是助力全面推进乡村振兴、实现农业强国的重要举措。当前,农村金融服务体系存在农村金融机构发展受阻、农村金融服务供需不匹配、农村金融监管与风险分担机制不健全、农业保险覆盖面和保障水平不高等问题。农村金融服务体系要加快金融服务从“单一”到“多元”、风险管理从“重抵押”到“强信用”、服务场景从“线下”到“线下线上融合”、融资机制从“财金联动”到“政银保担”的四重逻辑转换。为此提出以“金融科技赋能”为主线,从兼顾成本可负担和商业可持续、实现需求牵引供给和供给创造需求的更高水平农村金融服务供求动态平衡、完善农村金融监管和风险分担机制、提高农业保险覆盖面和保障水平等方面重点发力,以此健全我国农村金融服务体系。

Strengthening the rural financial service system is a crucial measure for advancing rural revitalization and establishing a strong agricultural sector in an all-round way.Currently,the rural financial service system faces challenges such as the stalled growth of rural financial institutions,the mismatch between the supply and demand of rural financial services,inadequate rural financial regulation and risk-sharing mechanisms,and insufficient coverage and protection levels of agricultural insurance.The system must undergo a four-fold logical transformation:shifting financial services from a"single"to a"multi-faceted"approach;transitioning risk management from being"collateral-heavy"to"credit-focused";evolving service scenarios from"offline"to a"blended online-offline"model;and changing the financing mechanism from"financial linkage"to a"government-bank guarantee"structure.To address these issues,this paper proposes leveraging"financial technology empowerment"as a central strategy.Key areas of focus include balancing cost-effectiveness and commercial sustainability,aligning supply with demand,creating a dynamic equilibrium in the supply and demand of rural financial services,enhancing rural financial regulation and risk-sharing mechanisms,and increasing the coverage and protection levels of agricultural insurance for the purpose of strengthening the rural financial service system in our country.