水平连续加料电弧炉废钢传热行为及提效方法研究

Research on Heat Transfer Behavior and Efficiency Improvement Method of Scrap in Consteel EAF

为提升水平连续加料电弧炉废钢预热温度,以ANSYS仿真模拟为研究手段,开发了水平连续加料电弧炉废钢预热模型,利用该模型探明了水平连续加料电弧炉在废钢预热过程中高温烟气与废钢间的传热行为。研究表明:随着废钢孔隙度增大、废钢当量直径减小、入口烟气温度,以及侧抽负压增大,入炉废钢平均预热温度均升高。不同因素对废钢预热温度的影响强度大小为:侧抽负压>当量直径>孔隙度>烟气温度。其中,侧抽负压对废钢预热温度有极其显著性影响,烟气温度对废钢预热温度无显著性影响。在此基础上,提出了一种梯级负压侧抽风废钢预热方法,并通过数值模拟将其与现有水平连续加料工艺进行了效果比对,比对结果表明:采用梯级负压侧抽风后,入炉废钢平均预热温度提升约13%,可降低电弧炉电耗约12 kW·h·t^(-1)。

In order to improve the preheating temperature of scrap steel of horizontal continuous adding arc furnace,the preheating model of horizontal continuous adding arc furnace is developed by ANSYS simulation,which proves the heat transfer behavior between high temperature flue gas and scrap steel in the preheating process of scrap steel.It shows that with the increase of porosity of scrap steel,the decrease of equivalent diameter of scrap steel,the increase of inlet flue gas temperature,and the increase of side pumping negative pressure,the average preheating temperature of furnace scrap steel increases.The influence of different factors on the preheating temperature of scrap steel is as follows:side pumping negative pressure>equivalent diameter>porosity>flue gas temperature.Among them,the side pumping negative pressure has a very significant impact on the preheating temperature of scrap steel,and the flue gas temperature has no significant impact on the preheating temperature of scrap steel.On this basis,a preheating method of the cascade negative pressure side exhaust waste steel is proposed,and the effect is compared with the existing horizontal continuous feeding process through numerical simulation.The comparison results show that the average preheating temperature of the cascade negative pressure side exhaust in the furnace is increased by about 13%,and the power consumption of the electric arc furnace can be reduced by about 12 kW·h·t^(-1).