天然生物质材料改性酚醛泡沫的研究进展

Research progress on natural biomass-modified phenolic foam

酚醛泡沫(PF泡沫)是研究最早、应用最广泛的热固性硬质泡沫材料之一,具有热稳定性、阻燃性、低发烟量和抗老化等多种优异特性,在航空航天、交通运输和建筑保温领域获得广泛应用。然而由石油基衍生物制备得到的传统酚醛泡沫具有脆性较大、不可再生等问题,导致其环境效益差的短板较为突出。采用化学或物理的手段,向酚醛泡沫中引入来源广泛、产量丰富、绿色可再生的天然生物质材料是改善其脆性和减少不可再生材料用量的有效途径。简要概述了酚醛泡沫的改性机制,研究了生物质材料改性酚醛泡沫的最新进展,最后展望了生物质改性酚醛泡沫的潜在发展方向。

Phenolic foam(PF foam)is one of the earliest researched and most widely used thermosetting rigid foam materials.It possesses excellent properties,such as thermal stability,flame retardancy,low smoke emission,and anti-aging characteristics,making it extensively used in the aerospace,transportation,and building insulation sectors.However,traditional phenolic foam,derived from petroleum-based materials,suffers from significant brittleness and non-renewability,leading to poor environmental benefits.Introducing widely available,abundantly produced,green,and renewable natural biomass materials into phenolic foam through chemical or physical means is an effective approach to improve its brittleness and reduce the use of non-renewable materials.This paper outlined the modification mechanisms of phenolic foam,reviewed the latest progress in biomass-modified phenolic foam,and looked forward to the potential development directions of biomass-modified phenolic foam.