云南云龙县白族传统药用植物民族植物学研究

Ethnobotanical research on traditional medicinal plants of Bai nationality in Yunlong county,Yunnan province

基于民族植物学的方法调查云龙县当地用药的现状、特色、发展问题以及相关传统知识的传承.通过参与性观察、半结构化访谈和关键人物访谈等方法,获取药用植物的基本信息,并对相关传统知识进行收集和整理.共调查出248种药用植物,隶属于86科,191属,其中菊科植物最多.按生活型上看,草本植物占绝对优势(184种,71.04%);从调查植物的药用部位分析,以全草(92种,36.95%)及根(54种,21.69%)居多;按主要功效分类,以清热解毒药为主,用法以水煎居多.结果表明,云龙县的药用植物种类丰富,与中药具有密切的联系,又有地方民族特色,村民与山林的和谐关系为当地药用植物传统知识的延续和传承提供了基础.

The method based on ethnobotanyinvestigates the current situation,characteristics,development of local medicine and the inheritance of related traditional knowledge in Yunlong County.Participatory observation,semi-structured interview,andkey informant interview were used to obtain basic information about medicinal plants,and to collect and organize the relevant traditional knowledge.A total of 248 species of plants belonging to 86 families,191 genera were found,and Compositae plant was the most.From the perspective of life type,herbaceous plant dominated the advantage(184 species,71.04%).From the analysis of plant medicinal parts,the herbs(92 species,36.95%)and roots(54 species,21.69%)were in the majority.According to the main efficacy,heat-clearing and detoxifying medicine has the highest proportion,the usage was mostly decoctedin water.Yunlong county has rich varieties of medicinal plants,which are closely related to traditional Chinese medicine and have local ethnic characteristics.The harmonious relationship between villagers and mountain forest provides the basis for the continuation and inheritance of the traditional knowledge of local medicinal plants.