古尔纳《朝圣者之路》的非洲移民文化身份重构

Cultural identity reconstruction of African emigrants in Abdulrazak Gurnah's Pilgrims Way

2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主阿卜杜勒拉扎克·古尔纳的《朝圣者之路》深入探讨了非洲移民在全球化背景下的文化身份困境。依据阿斯曼的文化记忆理论,本文分析了小说如何通过交往记忆与集体记忆重组个体记忆,呈现了非洲移民在多种记忆交错作用下建构与重构文化身份的精神历程。主人公达乌德的“朝圣者之路”不仅是其个体的身份建构之路,更是古尔纳为非洲移民群体指出的生存发展之路:在文化杂居时代,非洲移民只有“释放心中的蟒蛇”,确立杂糅身份认同,才能立身世界舞台,绽放非洲移民光彩,推进多元文化共存。

Abdulrazak Gurnah,the 2021 Nobel laureate in Literature,delves deeply into the cultural identity dilemma faced by African emigrants in the context of globalisation in his novel Pilgrims Way.This study,drawing upon Assmann's theory of cultural memory,analyses how the novel employs communicative memory and collective memory to reconstruct individual memory,revealing the spiritual journey of African emigrants in constructing and reconstructing their cultural identity amidst the interplay of multiple memories.The protagonist Daud's “pilgrim's way” is not merely a path of individual identity construction,but also represents Gurnah' s proposed route for survival and development for the African emigrant community.The novel suggests that in this era of cultural cohabitation,African emigrants can only establish themselves on the world stage and flourish by “releasing the python” within their hearts—a metaphor for embracing a hybrid identity.This approach,Gurnah argues,is essential for African emigrants to thrive and contribute to the advancement of multicultural coexistence.