亚毫米颗粒侵彻肥皂靶标的空腔特征与致伤阈值

Cavity Forming Characteristics of Ballistic Soap Penetrated by Sub-millimeter Particles and Injury Threshold

肥皂靶标广泛应用于创伤弹道领域,作为生物目标等效靶,以观察伤口通道的破坏特征评估弹药的潜在伤害,但目前尚缺乏低附带毁伤弹药的亚毫米颗粒毁伤元对生物目标的损伤标准。采用量纲分析方法确定侵彻空腔的成形特征,根据颗粒驱动试验获得肥皂靶标的实际创伤弹道表现,并结合数值模拟分析亚毫米颗粒的侵彻空腔演化规律,建立亚毫米颗粒对肥皂靶标的临界损伤条件。研究结果表明:亚毫米颗粒侵彻肥皂靶标产生以入口直径和空腔深度来表现的圆锥状空腔,不同密度、粒度和速度的亚毫米颗粒侵彻肥皂靶标产生的空腔存在明显差异,空腔特征与比动能相关;随着颗粒材料密度、粒度和速度的增加,侵彻肥皂靶标产生的空腔容积随之增加,颗粒粒径越大,对肥皂靶标的侵彻深度越深,入口直径扩展至颗粒粒径的2.0~2.5倍;参考常规破片杀伤标准,等效计算不同粒径亚毫米颗粒对肥皂靶标的致伤及不同侵彻深度的能量密度阈值,发现亚毫米颗粒侵彻的能量密度需要超过0.83 J/cm^(2)才能对肥皂靶标造成损伤。数值模拟、试验测试和理论分析结果吻合较好,影响规律具有一致性,研究结果可为低附带毁伤战斗部设计及效应评估提供理论参考。

Ballistic soap is widely used in the field of wound ballistics,as an equivalent target of biological target,to observe the damage characteristics of wound channels for assessing the potential damage of ammunition.However,there is still a lack of damage standards for sub-millimeter particle damage elements of low collateral damage munitions to the biological targets.The dimensional analysis method is used to determine the forming characteristics of penetrating cavity,and the actual wound trajectory of soap target is obtained through the particle driving test.The evolution law of penetrating cavity of sub-millimeter particles is analyzed by numerical simulation,and the critical damage conditions of sub-millimeter particles on the soap target equivalent target are established.The conical cavity produced by sub-millimeter particles penetrating the soap target is represented by inlet diameter and cavity depth.The results show that the cavities caused by sub-millimeter particles with different densitues,sizes and velocities are significantly different,and the cavity characteristics are related to specific kinetic energy.The volume of the cavity produced by penetrating the soap target increases with the increase in the the density,size and velocity of particle material.The larger the particle size is,the deeper the penetration into the soap target is,and the inlet diameter expand to 2.0-2.5 times of the particle size.According to the fragment killing criteria,the injury thresholds of sub-millimeter particles with different particle sizes to the soap target are determined.The energy density of particle penetration should exceed 0.83 J/cm^(2)to cause damage to the soap target.The numerically simulated,test and theoretically analyzed results agree well with each other,and the the influence law of penetration effect is consistent.The results can provide theoretical reference for the structural design of low collateral damage warhead and the effect evaluation.